<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778</id><updated>2012-02-10T08:58:53.716+01:00</updated><category term='Luftwaffe'/><category term='Experten alemanes'/><category term='Panzer especiales'/><category term='Japón'/><category term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><category term='Focke Wulf Fw 190'/><category term='Aviación Aliada'/><category term='Guerra Submarina'/><category term='Aeródromos de la IIGM'/><category term='Actualidad'/><category term='Historia/Curiosidades'/><category term='Wehrmacht'/><category term='Aliados'/><category term='Vehículos en movimiento'/><category term='USAAF'/><category term='Aliados del Eje'/><category term='Actualizaciones'/><category term='Kriegsmarine'/><category term='Waffen SS'/><category term='Réplicas actuales'/><category term='Ejército Soviético'/><category term='Messerschmitt Bf 109'/><category term='US Army'/><category term='Italia'/><category term='Panzerwaffe'/><title type='text'>Guerra abierta</title><subtitle type='html'>Blog personal de Javier Ormeño, Historiador y escritor especializado en Historia Militar</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default?start-index=101&amp;max-results=100'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>412</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-3460762309227169291</id><published>2012-02-10T08:58:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-10T08:58:53.727+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Guerra Submarina'/><title type='text'>El U-300</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24.0pt;"&gt;La vida azarosa del U-300&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oZNp4slXAVg/TzTNMwtjjjI/AAAAAAAADT0/vnR-lQtgvws/s1600/u300officiersle29dc1943.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="258" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oZNp4slXAVg/TzTNMwtjjjI/AAAAAAAADT0/vnR-lQtgvws/s400/u300officiersle29dc1943.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El U-300 era un submarino del Tipo VIIc/41 que durante su última etapa fue comandado por el OL. Ortiz Hein, de diciembre de 1943 a febrero de 1945. A lo largo de su vida operativa realizó tres patrullas hundiendo a tres barcos enemigos con un registro total de 17.110 toneladas y dañando a otro más.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En su primera patrulla no logró ningún éxito entrando en el puerto seguro de Horten el 15 de julio de 1944. El 18 de julio volvió a zarpar con rumbo a aguas británicas, para patrullar la zona de Minch para luego dirigirse a principios de agosto a área de Reykiavik. El día 4 fue localizado un avión de reconocimiento de la RCAF (&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Squadron&lt;/i&gt; 162) que formaba parte del convoy UR130. Viró para comenzar el ataque sobre el U-Boot pero este se sumergió rápidamente eludiendo a su atacante. Sin embargo le dio tiempo a lanzar varias cargas de profundidad que obligó al U-300 a emerger. Antes de que el aparato pudiera realizar otro ataque sobre él logró alcanzar un banco de niebla perdiéndose de vista. Finalmente el U-300 alcanzó Trondheim el 17 de Agosto de 1944 sin más contratiempos.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Desde aquel puerto noruego zarpó en su tercera patrulla el 4 de octubre de nuevo rumbo a la peligrosa costa británica. Tras dejarla a un lado comenzó a patrullar aguas cercanas a Reykiavik a partir del día 22. El 10 de noviembre atacó al convoy UR142 al suroeste del puerto dónde logró hundir a tres barcos, el barco cisterna británico SS &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Shirvan&lt;/i&gt; de 6.017 toneladas, al islandés SS &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Godafoss&lt;/i&gt; de 1.542 toneladas y al vapor remolcador británico &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Empire World&lt;/i&gt;, de 260 toneladas. Con tres éxitos más en su palmarés alcanzó la base de Stavanger el 2 de diciembre. Tras un merecido descanso para la tripulación el U-300 volvió a la mar el 21 de enero de 1945 para dirigirse a la zona de Gibraltar dónde atacaría la navegación aliada de la zona. El día 17 de febrero atacó al convoy UGS72 al oeste del estrecho dónde dañó a dos buques con sus torpedos, el británico SS &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Michael J. Stone&lt;/i&gt; de 7.176 toneladas y al petrolero de la misma bandera MV &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Regent Lion&lt;/i&gt; de 9.551 toneladas. Este último necesitó ser remolcado hasta Tánger por los gravísimos daños recibidos, poco después sería declarado ruina total y dado de baja. Sin embargo la suerte del U-300 estaría a punto de acabarse, el día 22 fue localizado al sureste de Cabo San Vicente y hundido por cargas de profundidad en el ataque de los minadores HMS &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Pincher&lt;/i&gt;, HMS &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Recruit&lt;/i&gt; y el yate artillado USS &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Evadne&lt;/i&gt;. El U-300 se hundió llevándose a 11 de sus tripulantes que murieron en el ataque, otros 42 lograron salvarse y fueron capturados.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-kJkG2W0r5fk/TzTNYL85ddI/AAAAAAAADT8/_l65HXPRRRw/s1600/vii_c_41_type_uboot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="172" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-kJkG2W0r5fk/TzTNYL85ddI/AAAAAAAADT8/_l65HXPRRRw/s400/vii_c_41_type_uboot.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;NIESTLE, A. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;German U-Boot losses during World War II &lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;BLAIR, C. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Hitler´s U-Boat war&lt;/i&gt;” Random House, 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;WYNN, K. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;U-Boat operations of the Second World War&lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;English version&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;The U-300 was a submarine of the type VIIc/41 that its last stage was commanded by the OL. Hein Ortiz in December 1943 to February 1945. Throughout its operational life made three patrols sinking three enemy ships with a total of 17,110 tons register and injuring another.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In his first patrol did not achieve any success getting into the safe haven of Horten on July 15, 1944. On July 18 he returned to sail in the direction of British waters, to patrol the area and then head Minch in early August at the Reykjavik area. Day 4 was located a reconnaissance aircraft of the RCAF (&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Squadron&lt;/i&gt; 162) which was part of convoy UR130. He turned to begin the attack on the U-Boot but this quickly plunged to elude her attacker. But give him time to launch several depth charges which forced U-300 to emerge. Before the device may make another attack on him failed to reach a fog bank out of sight. Finally, the U-300 reached Trondheim on August 17, 1944 without further mishap.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-e1bWhwWlx_k/TzTNuP4TilI/AAAAAAAADUE/fo97DrWHMvM/s1600/u300lquipage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="250" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-e1bWhwWlx_k/TzTNuP4TilI/AAAAAAAADUE/fo97DrWHMvM/s400/u300lquipage.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Crew of U-300&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; Norwegian sailed from that port in its third patrol on 4 October the dangerous new direction to British coast. Having put aside began patrolling waters near Reykjavik from day 22. On November 10 attacked the convoy UR142 southwest of the port where they managed to sink three ships, the British tanker of 6017 tons SS &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Shirvan&lt;/i&gt;, Icelandic SS &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Godafoss&lt;/i&gt; of 1,542 tons and steam tug &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;British Empire&lt;/i&gt; World, 260 tons. With three hits in his achievements reached the base of Stavanger on December 2. After a short break for the crew returned the U-300 to sea on January 21, 1945 to address the Gibraltar area where attack Allied shipping in the area. On February 17 attacked the convoy west of the Straits UGS72 where damaged two ships with their torpedoes, the British SS Michael J. Stone of 7176 tons and the same flag tanker Regent Lion MV of 9,551 tons. The latter needed to be towed to Tangier for the serious injuries received, would be declared soon after total ruin and discharged. However, the fate of U-300 would be near the end of the day 22 was located southeast of Cape San Vicente and sunk by depth charges in the attack of the miners HMS &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Pincher&lt;/i&gt;, HMS &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Recruit&lt;/i&gt; and gunship USS yacht &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Evadne&lt;/i&gt;. The U-300 sank taking 11 of its crew were killed, another 42 were saved and were captured.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-LoOumz8dy4Y/TzTN2dUJJ-I/AAAAAAAADUM/AmhGlSNg3F8/s1600/u300coulle22fev1945.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="263" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-LoOumz8dy4Y/TzTN2dUJJ-I/AAAAAAAADUM/AmhGlSNg3F8/s400/u300coulle22fev1945.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Sources:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;NIESTLE, A. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;German U-Boot losses during World War II &lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;BLAIR, C. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Hitler´s U-Boat war&lt;/i&gt;” Random House, 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;WYNN, K. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;U-Boat operations of the Second World War&lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-3460762309227169291?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/3460762309227169291/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/el-u-300.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3460762309227169291'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3460762309227169291'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/el-u-300.html' title='El U-300'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oZNp4slXAVg/TzTNMwtjjjI/AAAAAAAADT0/vnR-lQtgvws/s72-c/u300officiersle29dc1943.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-6041581149535809495</id><published>2012-02-09T09:15:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-09T09:17:51.695+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Messerschmitt Bf 109'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Luftwaffe'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Focke Wulf Fw 190'/><title type='text'>Los colores del Reichsverteidigung</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24.0pt;"&gt;Bandas identificativas en la &lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"&gt;Reichsverteidigung&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24.0pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bJFIH6DLy0A/TzN5d7a0HSI/AAAAAAAADSI/gJYQDF3GGWY/s1600/imagesFW.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="192" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bJFIH6DLy0A/TzN5d7a0HSI/AAAAAAAADSI/gJYQDF3GGWY/s400/imagesFW.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 14pt;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Las bandas identificativas para los aparatos de caza de la Luftwaffe surgió de la necesidad de una rápida identificación de los aparatos de escolta Aliados. A mediados de 1943 fue incrementándose el número de cazas alemanes involucrados en la defensa del Reich de los bombardeos estratégicos de la USAF. Hasta ese momento la forma de identificar a un aparato (excluyendo algún esquema mimético raro) era por los distintivos de la &lt;i&gt;Staffel, Gruppe &lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Geschwader&lt;/i&gt;. Debido al tamaño de las insignias, velocidad de los combates y cantidad de combatientes en el aire no las hacían aptas para una identificación rápida. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Un primer esfuerzo se realizó cuando se estableció en pintar toda la sección de cola o la deriva en blanco, para aquellos cazas que participaban en la defensa del Reich. Sin embargo este esquema duró poco tiempo, a parte que había otras unidades fuera del Reich que usaban también el blanco (JG 27 en el Mediterráneo) y no diferenciaba tampoco entre las diferentes unidades. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Otro de los sistemas empleados para la identificación de los aparatos era pintar el capó de negro con unas franjas blancas, similar a la empleada también en los ojiva de las hélices. No fue una norma oficial ni tampoco estaba preestablecido el número de espirales dibujadas presentándose numerosas variaciones. De este modo el I./JG 1 usó una identificación propia para sus aparatos, a modo de tablero de damas en los motores de sus Fw 190 A. Los tableros fueron divididos en colores atendiendo a las distintas &lt;i&gt;Staffel&lt;/i&gt; de la unidad; negro-blanco para la 1./JG 1, negro-rojo para la 2./JG 1 y negro-amarillo para la 3./JG 1. Este esquema de color se&amp;nbsp; usó también para las espirales y sobrevivió más tiempo debido a que algunas unidades de P-47 también utilizaban el esquema de damero en sus aparatos. De este modo un ataque realizado por el 78º FG el 8 de octubre de 1943 sobre el aeródromo del I./JG 1 quedó demostrado que para las defensas flak era muy complicado distinguir los aparatos propios de los enemigos.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wIF5DOIkEto/TzN7N_5TlRI/AAAAAAAADSY/L-r0vhMyfjc/s1600/bandasdecolaffgs4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="335" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wIF5DOIkEto/TzN7N_5TlRI/AAAAAAAADSY/L-r0vhMyfjc/s400/bandasdecolaffgs4.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_2djWWKp8nU/TzN_SHirrOI/AAAAAAAADTM/qTgauXo6U10/s1600/gallery_1161_197_254125.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="287" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_2djWWKp8nU/TzN_SHirrOI/AAAAAAAADTM/qTgauXo6U10/s400/gallery_1161_197_254125.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En enero de 1944, la JG 1, JG 3 y JG 27 comenzaron a emplear distintivos de color para el fuselaje identificando al aparato a la &lt;i&gt;Geschwader&lt;/i&gt; correspondiente. Sin embargo otras unidades (como por ejemplo la JG 11, JG&amp;nbsp; 300 y JG 301) continuaron con el esquema inicial para las tres &lt;i&gt;Geschwader&lt;/i&gt;. El uso de las bandas de color para el fuselaje no fue continuo y se fue abandonando durante el verano de 1944. El color predominante fue el rojo o marrón. También en la defensa del Reich hubo involucradas unidades dotadas con aparatos de dos motores, los &lt;i&gt;Zerstörer&lt;/i&gt;, siendo unos aparatos muy eficaces para la lucha contra los &lt;i&gt;viermorts&lt;/i&gt;. Estas unidades utilizaban también bandas de color para su identificación, como por ejemplo blancas y amarillas para el E.Gr. Kg 51 (J.) y también rojo-amarillas. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Las unidades de la &lt;i&gt;Jagdwaffe&lt;/i&gt; fueron reorganizadas en octubre de 1944 y el uso de las bandas de color en el fuselaje se fue generalizando. Debido a que los colores básicos eran menos que las unidades operativas se recurrió a la utilización de dos bandas de distinto color e incluso tres bandas. Por su parte la JG 300 y JG 301 cambiaron sus esquemas rojos por otros que combinaban azul-blanco-azul (JG 300) y amarillo-rojo (JG 301). A pesar de ser aceptadas estas bandas de identificación, no se ha podido verificar su uso por todas las unidades. Por su parte la KG (J) 6 y KG (J) 54 emplearon un sistema de cuadrículas para las bandas de color en el fuselaje, la primera de ella rojo-negro y la segunda azul-blanco. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Estas bandas tenían 900 mm de ancho en total, con 450 mm para cada color mientras que si se trataba de tres bandas estás quedaban divididas a partes iguales con 300 mm. Debemos destacar en este punto que como sucedía en otras muchas cosas la Luftwaffe disponía de variaciones dependiendo de las distintas unidades, variándose la anchura y situación de las bandas. Más tarde la JG 7 cambió sus bandas RVT por una azul-roja, mientras que el Ekdo. 262, Kdo. Nowotny y EJG 2 usaron una banda estrecha en el fuselaje de color amarilla como medio de identificación rápida.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-QYDCn0feolw/TzN7yITB_kI/AAAAAAAADSg/dnlOgXzlMwc/s1600/fw190jg1tt_1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="147" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-QYDCn0feolw/TzN7yITB_kI/AAAAAAAADSg/dnlOgXzlMwc/s400/fw190jg1tt_1.gif" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Ze8grDpi9to/TzN_oWfFplI/AAAAAAAADTU/W7bG_u8hiZY/s1600/gallery_1161_197_449168.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="287" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Ze8grDpi9to/TzN_oWfFplI/AAAAAAAADTU/W7bG_u8hiZY/s400/gallery_1161_197_449168.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Durante la primavera de 1945 varias unidades comenzaron a aplicar unas bandas de color vivo alrededor del capó del motor pero no reemplazó las bandas del fuselaje. Los colores usados fueron el amarillo, verde, rojo, blanco y negro. Este fue un elemento para identificar las unidades de la &lt;i&gt;Jagdwaffe &lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;en la parte sur de Alemania. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Es reseñable el sistema empleado por la JV 44 en las últimas semanas de guerra para identificar sus aparatos (Fw 190 D) sobre todo para evitar el fuego defensivo de la flak propia. Toda la parte inferior del aparato estaba pintado en bandas rojas y blancas, lo que permitía a las defensas antiaéreas disparar contra sus propios aviones cuando se acercaban a la base&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=8883258741873033778#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""&gt;&lt;span class="MsoFootnoteReference"&gt;&lt;span class="MsoFootnoteReference"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. También parece haber indicios de que este esquema también se realizó utilizado negro-blanco y azul-blanco. Como excepción encontramos la tercera &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Staffel&lt;/i&gt; del JG 54 (III./JG 54) que a pesar de pertenecer al JG 54 y debían llevar banda azul lucieron una banda bicolor amarillo-rojo. La unidad estuvo equipada con Fw 190 D pero solo mantuvo su peculiar banda mientras prestó ervicio en el aeródromo Achmer para la protección de los Me 262.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Estas bandas para la RVT no se deben confundir con otras empleadas, como por ejemplo para identificar el teatro de operaciones en el que estaba desplegado el aparato. El más común es el de “nariz amarilla” (que lo podemos encontrar en cualquier frente y variación desde 1940 a 1945). Las bandas blancas, generalmente en el ojiva de la hélice y/o una banda en el fuselaje, representaban a las unidades de la Luftwaffe desplegadas en el área del Mediterráneo. Fue escogido este sistema porque los italianos ya empleaban en sus aparatos estas bandas blancas en el fuselaje. En el Frente Oriental se empleó el amarillo para la identificación, en cualquier posición y combinación. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-g_9iXBHQC8w/TzN843Vs0WI/AAAAAAAADSo/RIvh17cqYC0/s1600/1-Fw-190A6-Sturmstaffel-1-Reich-Defence-Dortmund-Jan-1944.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="151" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-g_9iXBHQC8w/TzN843Vs0WI/AAAAAAAADSo/RIvh17cqYC0/s400/1-Fw-190A6-Sturmstaffel-1-Reich-Defence-Dortmund-Jan-1944.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;JANOWICZ, K. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Focke Wulf Fw 190&lt;/i&gt;” Vol. 2, Kagero, 2004&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;WEAL, J. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Jagdgeschwader 54 Grünherz&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 2001&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;ORMEÑO, J. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Messerschmitt Bf 109. El cazador de la Lufrwaffe&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/03/reichsverteidigung-la-defensa-del-reich.html"&gt;Reichsverteidigung, la defensa del Reich&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/12/bf-109-rustsatz.html"&gt;Messerschmitt Bf 109 Rüstsatz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/10/normal-0-21-microsoftinternetexplorer4.html"&gt;Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6 Kanonenboote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;English version&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;The bands identified for devices Luftwaffe fighter emerged from the need for rapid identification of escort aircraft Allies. In mid-1943 was to increase the number of German fighters involved in the defense of the Reich of strategic bombing of the USAF. Until then how to identify a device (excluding any unusual camouflage scheme) was distinctive by Staffel, Gruppe Geschwader. Due to the size of the insignia, speed and number of combatants fighting in the air were not suitable for quick identification.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;A first effort was made when he settled in to paint the entire tail section blank or drift for those fighters who participated in the defense of the Reich. However, this scheme did not last long, besides there were other units outside the Reich also wearing white (JG 27 in the Mediterranean) and also did not differentiate between the different units.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rXhx3C2GeRk/TzN-VW1_AMI/AAAAAAAADSw/W5Q45ViULsA/s1600/messerschmitt-bf-109-g6-fighter-01.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="207" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rXhx3C2GeRk/TzN-VW1_AMI/AAAAAAAADSw/W5Q45ViULsA/s400/messerschmitt-bf-109-g6-fighter-01.png" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;Another system used for the identification of the equipment was to paint the hood black with white stripes, similar to that used also in the nose of the propellers. It was not an official standard nor was the number of spirals preset drawings presented numerous variations. Thus the I./ JG 1 used a self-identification for your appliances, like a checkerboard in the engines of their Fw 190 A. The panels were divided into different colors in response to the Staffel of the unit, black-white for 1./JG 1, the black-red-black 2./JG 1 and yellow for 3./JG 1. This color scheme was also used for the coils and survived longer because some units of P-47 also used the checkerboard pattern on their devices. Thus an attack by the 78th FG on October 8, 1943 on the aerodrome of I./ JG 1 was demonstrated that flak defenses was very difficult to distinguish the devices' own enemies.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In January 1944, JG 1, JG 3 and JG 27 began to use different color for the fuselage identifying the device to the corresponding Geschwader. However, other units (such as JG 11, JG 300 and JG 301) continued with the initial scheme for the three Geschwader. The use of color bands for the fuselage was not continuous and was abandoned during the summer of 1944. The predominant color was red or brown. Also in the Reich defense units were involved devices equipped with two engines, Zerstörer, being a very effective apparatus for the fight against viermorts. These units also used color bands for identification, such as white and yellow for E.Gr. Kg 51 (J.) and red-yellow.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;Jagdwaffen units were reorganized in October 1944 and the use of color bands on the fuselage was widespread. Because the basic colors were less than the operating units resorted to the use of two distinct bands of color and even three bands. For its part, JG 300 and JG 301 cells changed their schemes by combining other blue-white-blue (JG 300) and yellow-red (JG 301). Despite the acceptance of such identification bands has not been able to verify its use by all units. For its part, KG (J) 6 and KG (J) 54 used a grid system for the bands of color on the fuselage, the first of her red-black and the second blue-white.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-r0zWAC31OVM/TzN-q9z-fnI/AAAAAAAADS4/CNNXNn8eWjM/s1600/2_174ss.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="171" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-r0zWAC31OVM/TzN-q9z-fnI/AAAAAAAADS4/CNNXNn8eWjM/s400/2_174ss.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-d48LBarrPZU/TzOAIyuojnI/AAAAAAAADTk/8sNWhtV21cw/s1600/311401_109G6R6_reichsverteidigung_airp.Fels_am_Wagram_1944.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="157" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-d48LBarrPZU/TzOAIyuojnI/AAAAAAAADTk/8sNWhtV21cw/s400/311401_109G6R6_reichsverteidigung_airp.Fels_am_Wagram_1944.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Bf 109 G-6/R6 Reichsverteidigung, Wagram1944&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;These bands were 900 mm wide in total, with 450 mm for each color as if it was you three bands were equally divided with 300 mm. We should note here that as was the case in many other things available Luftwaffe variations depending on the different units, by varying the width and position of the bands. Later the band changed its JG 7 RVT for a blue-red, while the Ekdo. 262, Kdo. Nowotny and EJG 2 used a narrow band on the fuselage of yellow color as a means of quick identification.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;During the spring of 1945 several units began applying brightly colored bands around the engine hood but did not replace the fuselage bands. The colors used were yellow, green, red, white and black. This was an element to identify Jagdwaffen units in the southern part of Germany.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;Noteworthy is the system used by the JV 44 in the last weeks of war to identify their equipment (Fw 190 D), especially to avoid the flak fire very defensive. The whole bottom of the unit was painted in red and white bands, which allowed air defenses to shoot their own aircraft as they approached the base. Also appears to be evidence that this scheme also performed using black-white and bluish-white. As an exception we find the third Staffel of JG 54 (III./ JG 54) that despite belonging to JG 54 and had to wear a blue band band wore yellow-red bicolor. The unit was equipped with Fw 190 D but only maintained its peculiar band while at the aerodrome provided Achmer ervice for the protection of the Me 262.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;These bands for the RVT should not be confused with other employees, for example, to identify the theater of operations where the device was deployed. The most common is "yellow nose" (which can be found in any front and changes from 1940 to 1945). The white bands, usually on the shoulder of the helix and/or a band on the fuselage, representing the Luftwaffe units deployed in the Mediterranean area. This system was chosen because the Italians and equipment used in these white stripes on the fuselage. On the Eastern Front yellow was used for the identification, in any position and combination.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TAMPlDYuX9o/TzN_EKd1BiI/AAAAAAAADTE/IfH3RQGY1sg/s1600/2_10sssc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="116" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TAMPlDYuX9o/TzN_EKd1BiI/AAAAAAAADTE/IfH3RQGY1sg/s400/2_10sssc.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6u7coxtzgAI/TzOAaq8m-AI/AAAAAAAADTs/b3O-WATdxKA/s1600/2_109ss.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="173" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6u7coxtzgAI/TzOAaq8m-AI/AAAAAAAADTs/b3O-WATdxKA/s400/2_109ss.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Sources:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;JANOWICZ, K. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Focke Wulf Fw 190&lt;/i&gt;” Vol. 2, Kagero, 2004&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;WEAL, J. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Jagdgeschwader 54 Grünherz&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 2001&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;ORMEÑO, J. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Messerschmitt Bf 109. El cazador de la Lufrwaffe&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/03/reichsverteidigung-la-defensa-del-reich.html"&gt;Reichsverteidigung, la defensa del Reich&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/12/bf-109-rustsatz.html"&gt;Messerschmitt Bf 109 Rüstsatz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/10/normal-0-21-microsoftinternetexplorer4.html"&gt;Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6 Kanonenboote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /&gt;&lt;div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"&gt;&lt;div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=8883258741873033778#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""&gt;&lt;span class="MsoFootnoteReference"&gt;&lt;span class="MsoFootnoteReference"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Durante las últimas etapas de la contiendas auténticas bandadas de caza-bombarderos Aliados vagaban de un lado a otro en busca de objetivos de oportunidad y atacando las bases de la Luftwaffe. Por ese motivo se hizo necesario un sistema tan evidente de identificación visual, evitando derribar aparatos propios por el fuego defensivo. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-6041581149535809495?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/6041581149535809495/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/los-colores-del-reichsverteidigung.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/6041581149535809495'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/6041581149535809495'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/los-colores-del-reichsverteidigung.html' title='Los colores del Reichsverteidigung'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bJFIH6DLy0A/TzN5d7a0HSI/AAAAAAAADSI/gJYQDF3GGWY/s72-c/imagesFW.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-3009303621595442916</id><published>2012-02-08T09:02:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-08T09:02:34.145+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Italia'/><title type='text'>Cazacarros italianos: Semovente M41M da 90/53</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Semovente M41M da 90/53&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-H0anEB5rTeQ/TzIq04GxegI/AAAAAAAADRY/O2C_mm_rhp4/s1600/image008jt4dd.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="187" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-H0anEB5rTeQ/TzIq04GxegI/AAAAAAAADRY/O2C_mm_rhp4/s400/image008jt4dd.gif" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Se trata del cazacarros con mayor calibre montado por los italianos siendo fabricado por Fiat Ansaldo en junio de 1942 para intentar dotar a sus unidades de mayor capacidad anticarro, aunque solo se fabricaron 48 unidades. El cañón elegido, de 90 mm (Ansaldo &lt;i&gt;Cannone da 90/53&lt;/i&gt;), era de origen naval y tenía un comportamiento similar al Flak 18 de 88 mm alemán en cuestión de penetración. Además de ello compartía también un doble propósito, antiaéreo y tiro rasante. El cañón tenía un alcance efectivo de 12.000 metros en tiro rasante pudiendo penetrar hasta 206 mm de blindaje. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;La propuesta para el nuevo cazacarros surgió en la primavera de 1942 con el objetivo anteriormente mencionado. El bastidor elegido fue el de un carro M14/41 con una cámara de combate situada en la parte posterior y abierta por tres de sus lados que permitía el retroceso del arma principal. Esta podía girar 40º a cada lado con una depresión máxima de -5º y una elevación de +24º. El motor fue movido al centro del vehículo quedando el puesto de conductor intacto. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El conjunto tenía un peso total de 17 toneladas con un blindaje que oscilaba entre los 30 y los 6 mm. En su contra jugaba los 2,3 metros de altura, algo excesivo para un vehículo de estas características. Estaba impulsado por un motor FIAT SPA 15T de 125 caballos que le proporcionaba una velocidad máxima de 25 Km/h y una autonomía de 150 Km. El conjunto estaba tripulado por 4 hombres, dos de ellos situados tras el escudo del arma y los otros dos en tierra. Dado el gran tamaño de los proyectiles el vehículo no transportaba ninguno siendo transportados 26 de ellos por un vehículo ligero L-6 y otros 40 más por medio de un remolque.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-sL9CWYoMCsw/TzIq-wr1V2I/AAAAAAAADRg/8RL0ZRpAe9M/s1600/semovente_da_9053_008_968.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="215" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-sL9CWYoMCsw/TzIq-wr1V2I/AAAAAAAADRg/8RL0ZRpAe9M/s400/semovente_da_9053_008_968.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Inicialmente se equiparon a tres unidades con el Semovente da 90/53 que se estaban manteniendo en reserva en la zona septentrional del país ya que el Alto Mando dudaba si enviarlos a Rusia o al norte de África. Tras el desembarco aliado en Sicilia fueron desplegados allí el 10 de julio de 1943 para hacer frente a la nueva amenaza. Tras el armisticio las unidades supervivientes quedaron bajo control alemán que lo emplearon como plataforma cazacarros de largo alcance.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-F_xFEQfKlIM/TzIqkzWrReI/AAAAAAAADRQ/7ikweNhDrLs/s1600/dfgbfgntgtfrtgfrh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="197" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-F_xFEQfKlIM/TzIqkzWrReI/AAAAAAAADRQ/7ikweNhDrLs/s400/dfgbfgntgtfrtgfrh.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/10/cazacarros-italianos-semovente-l40-da.html"&gt;Semovente L40 da 47/32&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/10/cazacarros-italianos-semovente-m40-da.html"&gt;Semovente M40 da 75/18&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/11/cazacarros-italianos-semovente-m-42t-da.html"&gt;Semovente M42T da 75/46 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;PIGNATO, N. “&lt;i&gt;Italian Armored Vehicles of World War Two&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;” &lt;/span&gt;Squadron/Signal, 2004&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;BISHOP, C. “&lt;cite&gt;The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II&lt;/cite&gt;” Thunder Bay Press, 2006&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;English version&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;This is the tank destroyers with heavier gauge mounted by the Italians being manufactured by Fiat Ansaldo in June 1942 to try to provide its anti-tank units of larger capacity, but only 48 units were produced. The chosen gun, 90 mm (&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Ansaldo Cannone da&lt;/i&gt; 90/53), was of naval and had a behavior similar to 88 mm Flak 18 German issue of penetration. Moreover also shared a dual purpose antiaircraft and low shot. The gun had an effective range of 12,000 meters and can penetrate low shot up to 206 mm of armor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The proposal for the new tank destroyer came in the spring of 1942 with the objective mentioned above. The frame chosen was that of a car with a camera M14/41 combat located in the back and open on three sides allowing the recoil of the weapon. This could turn 40 degrees to each side with a maximum depression of -5° and +24° elevation. The engine was moved to the center of the vehicle leaving the driving position intact.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-UdiNgWjYpro/TzIrNrKwELI/AAAAAAAADRo/CTP5RgJ7FTg/s1600/il-semovente-da-9053-il-pia-potente-in-dotazione-al-regio-esercito-italiano-venne-utilizzato-p.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-UdiNgWjYpro/TzIrNrKwELI/AAAAAAAADRo/CTP5RgJ7FTg/s400/il-semovente-da-9053-il-pia-potente-in-dotazione-al-regio-esercito-italiano-venne-utilizzato-p.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-imgcVOWJkdo/TzIrx_-7a_I/AAAAAAAADSA/1c290RuZiQM/s1600/sdfrserfw.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="236" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-imgcVOWJkdo/TzIrx_-7a_I/AAAAAAAADSA/1c290RuZiQM/s400/sdfrserfw.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt;&lt;img src="http://img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="background-color: #b2b2b2; " class="BLOGGER-object-element tr_noresize tr_placeholder" id="ieooui" data-original-id="ieooui" /&gt; &lt;style&gt;st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;A Semovente M.41M da 90/53 is examined by American troops after being knocked out in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Sicily&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt; in 1943. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"&gt;To serve the gun, the crew had to stand behind the breech and only the driver had all-round armour. These guns were first used in North Africa in late 1943 and were much respected.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;The set had a total weight of 17 tons with armor ranging from 30 to 6 mm. Played against the 2.3 meters high, probably overkill for a vehicle like this. It was powered by a FIAT SPA 15T 125 hp which provided a maximum speed of 25 km / h and a range of 150 km The whole was manned by 4 men, two of which are located behind the shield of the gun and the other two in earth. Given the large size of the projectiles did not carry any vehicle being transported 26 of them for a light vehicle L-6, and 40 more by a trailer.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Initially three units were equipped with Semovente da 90/53 that were holding in reserve in the north of the country and that the High Command was hesitant to send to Russia or North Africa. After the Allied landing in Sicily were deployed there on July 10, 1943 to address the new threat. After the armistice the surviving units came under German control was employed as long-range tank destroyer platform.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-k1E3AmVkGQw/TzIrVeGGWMI/AAAAAAAADRw/yDVfQ59eQMA/s1600/2542997682_2fcd64112f_z.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-k1E3AmVkGQw/TzIrVeGGWMI/AAAAAAAADRw/yDVfQ59eQMA/s400/2542997682_2fcd64112f_z.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yBDEDe1SRFQ/TzIra8SrR6I/AAAAAAAADR4/Wdr6BK6kS2Q/s1600/3038732843_fe537900ed_z.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yBDEDe1SRFQ/TzIra8SrR6I/AAAAAAAADR4/Wdr6BK6kS2Q/s400/3038732843_fe537900ed_z.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/10/cazacarros-italianos-semovente-l40-da.html"&gt;Semovente L40 da 47/32&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/10/cazacarros-italianos-semovente-m40-da.html"&gt;Semovente M40 da 75/18&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/11/cazacarros-italianos-semovente-m-42t-da.html"&gt;Semovente M42T da 75/46 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Sources:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;PIGNATO, N. “&lt;i&gt;Italian Armored Vehicles of World War Two&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;” &lt;/span&gt;Squadron/Signal, 2004&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;BISHOP, C. “&lt;cite&gt;The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II&lt;/cite&gt;” Thunder Bay Press, 2006&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-3009303621595442916?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/3009303621595442916/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/cazacarros-italianos-semovente-m41m-da.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3009303621595442916'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3009303621595442916'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/cazacarros-italianos-semovente-m41m-da.html' title='Cazacarros italianos: Semovente M41M da 90/53'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-H0anEB5rTeQ/TzIq04GxegI/AAAAAAAADRY/O2C_mm_rhp4/s72-c/image008jt4dd.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-933640832725331462</id><published>2012-02-07T09:49:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-07T09:49:30.745+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><title type='text'>Recuperación de un Churchill</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24.0pt;"&gt;Recuperación de un Churchill en Sussex&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-BB0_eUbdekQ/TzDjlUD7pnI/AAAAAAAADP4/FZou6QH6zNw/s1600/pq1125_tank1_0959.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="193" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-BB0_eUbdekQ/TzDjlUD7pnI/AAAAAAAADP4/FZou6QH6zNw/s400/pq1125_tank1_0959.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Los restos de un carro pesado Churchill fueron recuperados casi cincuenta años después, incluyendo sus orugas y su torreta. El carro fue abandonado en 1942 por un fallo mecánico y abandonado en los campos de Sussex. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;El carro pesado serviría como apoyo directo a la infantería y los primeros planos fueron diseñados en septiembre de 1939 tras la declaración de guerra a Alemania bajo la designación A-20. Los primeros prototipos fueron construidos por Harland&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and Wolf&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;en&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Belfast a mediados de 1940. Desde sus inicios el rendimiento mecánico fue pobre y se le encargó a la empresa de automoción Vauxhall&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Motors Ltd. el diseño de una nueva planta motriz para el carro de combate. Esto daría origen al Mark.IV.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Uno de los primeros en recibir este nuevo carro pesado fue el Ejército canadiense que habían llegado a Inglaterra en diciembre de 1939 trasladándose al año siguiente a Sussex para ayudar a la defensa del sur del país. El batallón acorazado desplegado en la zona fue enviado a Seaford en &lt;/span&gt;East Sussex, a principios de 1941 y estaba equipado con una mezcla de Churchill Mk. I y II. Más tarde el batallón fue renombrado como 14º Regimento Calgary e incorporado en la 2º División canadiense. Esta unidad, organizada al estilo británico, comenzó su entrenamiento para el futuro asalto a la costa francesa con una fuerza nominal de 36 carros de combate.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9Ey8kXlv6pU/TzDktf1VghI/AAAAAAAADQQ/QKIYajsJBqs/s1600/407548d.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9Ey8kXlv6pU/TzDktf1VghI/AAAAAAAADQQ/QKIYajsJBqs/s400/407548d.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Y7L9TJdsN5g/TzDjuHqrRYI/AAAAAAAADQA/kg5eAlI68CM/s1600/pq1125_tank4_0959.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="256" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Y7L9TJdsN5g/TzDjuHqrRYI/AAAAAAAADQA/kg5eAlI68CM/s400/pq1125_tank4_0959.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Tras un periodo corto pero muy intenso de entrenamiento en la isla de Wight la unidad regresó a Seaford. Durante este periodo ya se emitieron quejas sobre el funcionamiento del Churchill y su poca fiabilidad mecánica (refrigeración, transmisión y motor). El 15 de enero de 1942 se elaboró un informe que recogía todo esto y sostenía que el 42% de los Churchill en plantilla estaban fuera de servicio por diversos problemas. El Escuadrón A sufrió una serie de averías catastróficas que denominaron como “cabezas muertas” que provocaba que la baja definitiva del vehículo. Uno de los Mk. II quedó inutilizado tanto en su motor como en su caja de cambios. Los trabajos para repararlo fueron suspendidos cuando llegaron poco después a la unidad los nuevos Mk. III&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En agosto de 1942 el Regimiento &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Calgary participó en el raid sobre Dieppe pero ninguno de sus carros logró regresar perdiéndose todos en la playa francesa. Los cantos se atascaban en las ruedas y provocaban la rotura de la oruga. Tras el desastre el Regimiento fue trasladado en diciembre de 1942 de Seaford a Worthing eliminando de su inventario los pocos “cabezas muertas” que quedaban en su inventario, incluyendo el Mk. II al que se le retiró su armamento, motor y transmisión. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Parte de la rueda trasera estaba fuera de su sitio, junto con el resto de las ruedas de rodaje de ese mismo lado que habían sido retiradas y arrojadas al interior del casco. En su conjunto el vehículo asomaba un poco sobre la superficie pero no era fácilmente localizable en los terrenos dónde se encontraba. El carro de combate fue abandonado en un campo cercano a South Downs&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;en&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Springhead&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Hill,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;con vistas a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Parham&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;House. Fue en esta localización dónde el carro de combate fue utilizado en maniobras por los canadienses y la 1º Brigada anticarro de la misma nacionalidad. A pesar de que el Calgary fue enviado a Sicilia en la primavera de 1943 el veterano Mark II se quedó en el campo de entrenamiento para ser utilizado para prácticas de tiro.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-j4uWBTcOEY0/TzDk2SOidMI/AAAAAAAADQY/aNdzgeoFKKY/s1600/pq1125_tank7_0959dd.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="230" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-j4uWBTcOEY0/TzDk2SOidMI/AAAAAAAADQY/aNdzgeoFKKY/s400/pq1125_tank7_0959dd.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Tras el final de la guerra se comenzó con las labores de despejar lo más rápidamente posible las llanuras británicas de material de guerra peligroso antes de devolver las tierras a sus dueños originales. Para este esfuerzo el Ministerio del Interior contrató a una gran cantidad de refugiados ucranianos y polacos creando los Equipos de Compensación. La única tarea de estos era la limpieza de las zonas contaminadas por la actividad militar. Uno de estos&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;hombres localizó los restos del viejo Churchill allí dónde había sido abandonado, sin embargo el carro de combate era demasiado pesado para ser movido por lo que fue empujado a un cráter de bomba cercano. Las orugas fueron retiradas y arrojadas al interior del cráter, junto al carro. Todo fue cubierto con tierras y piedras abandonándose. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Durante los siguiente 48 años el carro permaneció en su lugar de reposo con parte de él sobresaliendo del terreno, siendo un obstáculo molesto para el agricultor que trabajaba ese campo. Sin embargo sus casi 30 toneladas le convertía en algo que no era fácil de eliminar. La noticia llegó a los oídos de un grupo de entusiastas militares y tomaron el tema del Churchill como su proyecto para sacarlo. Tras dos años de decepciones y duro trabajo el carro de combate había sido casi liberado de la tierra de alrededor pero sin moverlo ni un centímetro. El grupo remitió al &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Museo de&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bovington&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Tank y al Ejército unas fotografías para recabar ayuda en su proyecto. Los Reales Ingenieros llegaron al lugar con equipo de recuperación y se pusieron manos a la obra. Tras duros trabajos, con un cabrestante de 70 toneladas para sacarlo de su lugar de reposo. Sin embargo tras accionar la maquinaria fue el vehículo de recuperación el que estaba siendo arrastrado hacia el Churchill en vez de sacar a este del agujero. Otro vehículo de recuperación se situó junto al primero, se intentó sacar de nuevo al carro pero la cadena se rompió provocando un momento de peligro entre los presentes. Tras tirar de pico y pala primero se colocó el Churchill derecho luego se arrastró fuera del cráter confirmándose que pertenecía al Escuadrón A del Regimiento Calgary. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Partes de este Churchill fueron utilizadas para restaurar otros vehículos de la misma clase pero su casco se conserva con orgullo como recordatorio a las generaciones futuras.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-C5sCVR4SfHI/TzDlAW_vrSI/AAAAAAAADQg/ofLBmyaY-x0/s1600/pq1125_tank_09f.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-C5sCVR4SfHI/TzDlAW_vrSI/AAAAAAAADQg/ofLBmyaY-x0/s400/pq1125_tank_09f.jpg" width="341" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;The remains of a heavy truck Churchill were recovered almost fifty years later, including their caterpillars and their turret. The car was abandoned in 1942 by a mechanical failure and left in the fields of Sussex.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The heavy truck would serve as direct support to infantry and close-ups were designed in September 1939 following the declaration of war against Germany under the designation A-20. The first prototypes were built by Harland and Wolff in Belfast in mid-1940. Since its inception the mechanical performance was poor and was entrusted with the automotive company Vauxhall Motors Ltd. to design a new powerplant for the tank. This would give rise to Mark.IV.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;One of the first to receive this new heavy truck was the Canadian Army who had come to England in December 1939 the following year moved to Sussex to help defend the South. The armored battalion deployed in the area was sent to Seaford in East Sussex, in early 1941 and was equipped with a mixture of Churchill Mk. I and II. Later, the battalion was renamed as 14 th Regiment Calgary and incorporated in the 2nd Canadian Division. The unit, organized in the British, began his training for the future assault on the French coast with a nominal force of 36 tanks.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Wl_xZKmYskY/TzDlGiialYI/AAAAAAAADQo/W8jFf5Kvzys/s1600/126190-00d.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="313" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Wl_xZKmYskY/TzDlGiialYI/AAAAAAAADQo/W8jFf5Kvzys/s400/126190-00d.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After a short but very intense period of training in the Isle of Wight the unit returned to Seaford. During this period have been issued complaints about the operation of Churchill and unreliable mechanical (cooling, engine and transmission). On January 15, 1942 produced a report recording all this and claimed that 42% of the workforce Churchill were down for various problems. A Squadron underwent a series of catastrophic failure they called "dead heads" that caused the deregistration of the vehicle. One of the Mk. II was disabled both its engine and its gearbox. Work to repair it were suspended when they came to the unit shortly after the new Mk. III&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In August 1942 the Calgary Regiment participated in the raid on Dieppe but none of the cars managed to get back on the beach lost all French. The songs are stuck in the wheel and caused the rupture of the caterpillar. After the disaster the regiment was transferred in December 1942 from Seaford to Worthing inventory eliminating the few "dead heads" left in its inventory, including the Mk. II to which withdrew his weapons, engine and transmission.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Part of the rear wheel was out of place, along with the rest of the wheels running on the same side that had been removed and thrown into the hull. Overall the car sticking out a little on the surface but was not readily detectable in the land where he was. The tank was abandoned in a field near South Downs in Springhead Hill, overlooking Parham House. It was at this location where the tank was used in maneuvers by the Canadians and the 1st Brigade anti-tank of the same nationality. While Calgary was sent to Sicily in the spring of 1943 Mark II veteran stayed in the camp to be used for target practice.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-c0ks-ai6big/TzDlN3mer1I/AAAAAAAADQw/o8HgL1F_B-w/s1600/pq1125_tank11_095dd9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="185" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-c0ks-ai6big/TzDlN3mer1I/AAAAAAAADQw/o8HgL1F_B-w/s400/pq1125_tank11_095dd9.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After the end of the war began with the work of clearing as quickly as possible British plains dangerous war material before returning the land to its original owners. For this effort, the Ministry of the Interior hired a large number of Ukrainian and Polish refugees creating Compensation Teams. The only task of these was the cleaning of areas contaminated by military activity. One of these men located the remains of the old Churchill where it had been abandoned, but the tank was too heavy to be moved so it was pushed into a nearby bomb crater. The tracks were removed and thrown into the crater, next to the car. Everything was covered with earth and stones abandoned.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;During the next 48 years the car remained in his place of rest with part of it protruding from the ground, being an annoying obstacle to the farmer who worked the field. But nearly 30 tons made him something that was not easy to remove. The news reached the ears of a group of military enthusiasts and took the theme of Churchill as its project to remove it. After two years of disappointment and hard work the tank had been largely freed from the surrounding soil but without moving an inch. The group referred to the Bovington Tank Museum and the Army to collect photographs help in your project. The Royal Engineers arrived on the scene with the recovery team and got down to work. After hard work, with a 70-ton winch out of its resting place. However, after operating the machinery was the recovery vehicle which was being dragged towards Churchill instead of get this hole. Another recovery vehicle stood beside the first, we tried to get back to the car but the chain broke causing a moment of danger among those present. After pulling the first spade was placed right next Churchill crawled out of the crater confirmed that it belonged to the Squadron A Calgary Regiment.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Portions of this Churchill were used to restore other vehicles in the same class but his helmet proudly preserved as a reminder to future generations.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vM9-QN0bWfU/TzDlW1T7NFI/AAAAAAAADQ4/f2ep5XjK4-g/s1600/pq1125_tank13_0dd959.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="228" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vM9-QN0bWfU/TzDlW1T7NFI/AAAAAAAADQ4/f2ep5XjK4-g/s400/pq1125_tank13_0dd959.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-933640832725331462?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/933640832725331462/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/recuperacion-de-un-churchill.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/933640832725331462'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/933640832725331462'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/recuperacion-de-un-churchill.html' title='Recuperación de un Churchill'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-BB0_eUbdekQ/TzDjlUD7pnI/AAAAAAAADP4/FZou6QH6zNw/s72-c/pq1125_tank1_0959.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-8301274410593769271</id><published>2012-02-06T08:44:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-06T08:44:41.026+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='US Army'/><title type='text'>M4A3E2 Sherman Jumbo</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt;&lt;img src="http://img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="background-color: #b2b2b2; " class="BLOGGER-object-element tr_noresize tr_placeholder" id="ieooui" data-original-id="ieooui" /&gt; &lt;style&gt;st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24.0pt;"&gt;M4A3E2 Sherman Jumbo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DLbBvQ2b064/Ty-DoQe_dBI/AAAAAAAADPY/qfJPRYkS9yk/s1600/Sherman_M4_jumbo_01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="343" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DLbBvQ2b064/Ty-DoQe_dBI/AAAAAAAADPY/qfJPRYkS9yk/s400/Sherman_M4_jumbo_01.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;La experiencia en el norte de África con los carros de combate Sherman habían mostrado a todas luces lo que los altos mandos y políticos estadounidenses habían querido obviar; el blindaje del Sherman era insuficiente. Para solucionar en la medida de lo posible esta deficiencia que venía ya desde su diseño, se decidió añadir más blindaje al modelo M4A3 equipado con cañón de 75 mm. Al resultado se le dio el sobrenombre de &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Jumbo&lt;/i&gt; y clasificado como M4A3E2.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;A principios de mayo de 1944 Fisher Tank Arsenal comenzó a modificar los carros de combate a esta nueva modificación completando un total de 254 vehículos para julio de 1944. Estas modificaciones incluían añadir más blindaje (3,8 cm) al glacis y al lateral del casco. En la parte frontal este aumento varió de los 5 a los 10 cm y en los laterales de 3,8 a los 7 cm. El aumento del peso provocó el cambio de la transmisión, suspensión y un bloqueo para el cañón siendo estos los cambios principales en el casco. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;La torreta, en cambio, fue completamente diseñada de nuevo. El resultado se parecía mucho a la torre del T-23 utilizada en el M4S equipados con cañón de 76 mm. De&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;hecho, esta torre utilizaba el cañón M62 con un bloque de blindaje adicional de 8,8 cm soldado. En principio todos estos vehículos estaba armados con el cañón M3 de 75 mm que tenía un mejor proyectil rompedor que el M1A1 de 76 mm y era muy apreciado para atacar infantería enemiga y blancos poco protegidos. Las paredes laterales y trasera de la torreta tenía un blindaje de 15 cm mientras que el techo solo disponía de 2,5 cm.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tkNwXKOJxAg/Ty-DaKGku4I/AAAAAAAADPQ/wuNgZbLEzno/s1600/Bz77141.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="231" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tkNwXKOJxAg/Ty-DaKGku4I/AAAAAAAADPQ/wuNgZbLEzno/s400/Bz77141.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En marzo de 1945 el U.S. Army ordenó que estos vehículos fuesen armados con el cañón M1A1 de 76 mm que tenía mejores prestaciones carro contra carro. Sin embargo algunos de estos &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Jumbo&lt;/i&gt; estaban ya armados con este cañón ya que algunos carros equipados con el M1A1 dañados fueron devueltos con la conversión &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Jumbo&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Todo este blindaje adicional catapultó el peso del carro de las 34 toneladas hasta las 42 y para que el radio de acción no cayese se le añadieron tanques de combustible externos pero no se pudo hacer nada con la velocidad que cayó a 35 Km/h (casi 7 Km/h menos que el modelo básico). Todos los &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Jumbo&lt;/i&gt; fueron utilizados en Europa desde julio de 1944 hasta mayo de 1945&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;CHAMBERLAIN, P. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;British and American tanks of World War II&lt;/i&gt;” Arco, 1984&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;ZALOGA, S. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;M4 (76 mm) &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Sherman&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt; Medium tank 1943-65&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;” Osprey, 2003&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;ZALOGA, S. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;El carro medio Sherman&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1999&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;The experience in North Africa with Sherman tanks had shown clearly that senior officers and politicians had wanted to avoid, the Sherman was insufficient shielding. To address the possible coming this deficiency since its design was decided to add more armor to the M4A3 model equipped with 75 mm cannon. The result was given the nickname Jumbo and classified as M4A3E2.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fCi930_8gFE/Ty-D3zM1YZI/AAAAAAAADPg/prbl4mP1TZE/s1600/m4jumbo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="331" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fCi930_8gFE/Ty-D3zM1YZI/AAAAAAAADPg/prbl4mP1TZE/s400/m4jumbo.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In early May 1944 Fisher Tank Arsenal began to modify the tanks to the new amendment for a total of 254 vehicles by July 1944. These modifications included adding more shielding (3.8 cm) to the glacis and hull side. At the front this increase ranged from 5 to 10 cm and sides of&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;3.8 to 7 cm. Weight gain caused the change of the transmission, suspension and a lock for the gun being these the main changes in the hull.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The turret, however, was completely redesigned. The result was much like the tower of the T-23 used in the M4S equipped with 76 mm cannon. In fact, this tower used the M62 cannon with a block of additional shielding of&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;8.8 cm soldier. In principle all these vehicles were armed with 75 mm M3 gun that had a better projectile breaking the 76-mm M1A1 was much appreciated and to attack enemy infantry and lightly protected targets. The side and rear walls of the turret had a shield of 15 cm while the roof had only 2.5 cm.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In March 1945 the U.S. Army ordered that the vehicles were armed with M1A1 barrel was 76 mm anti-tank car better performance. However, some of these Jumbo were already armed with this gun because some trucks equipped with the M1A1 were returned damaged Jumbo conversion.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All this additional shielding weight of the car catapulted from 34 tonnes to 42 and for the radius of action did not fall were added external fuel tanks but could not do anything with the speed dropped to 35 km/h (almost 7 km/h less than the basic model). All Jumbo were used in Europe from July 1944 until May 1945&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-L-j8x4mQrq8/Ty-EDSv_8aI/AAAAAAAADPo/APXHio0j9kM/s1600/M4A3E2_Sherman_Jumbo_75mm_gun.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="305" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-L-j8x4mQrq8/Ty-EDSv_8aI/AAAAAAAADPo/APXHio0j9kM/s400/M4A3E2_Sherman_Jumbo_75mm_gun.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_rcZl_e3tcc/Ty-EKdmeobI/AAAAAAAADPw/nnwwiU7Lcsc/s1600/tac35021_2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_rcZl_e3tcc/Ty-EKdmeobI/AAAAAAAADPw/nnwwiU7Lcsc/s400/tac35021_2.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Sources:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;CHAMBERLAIN, P. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;British and American tanks of World War II&lt;/i&gt;” Arco, 1984&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;ZALOGA, S. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;M4 (76 mm) &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Sherman&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt; Medium tank 1943-65&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;” Osprey, 2003&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;ZALOGA, S. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;El carro medio Sherman&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1999&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-8301274410593769271?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/8301274410593769271/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/m4a3e2-sherman-jumbo.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/8301274410593769271'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/8301274410593769271'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/m4a3e2-sherman-jumbo.html' title='M4A3E2 Sherman Jumbo'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DLbBvQ2b064/Ty-DoQe_dBI/AAAAAAAADPY/qfJPRYkS9yk/s72-c/Sherman_M4_jumbo_01.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-5327402317014114623</id><published>2012-02-05T10:24:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-05T10:24:15.203+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Actualizaciones'/><title type='text'>Actualizaciones (III)</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24.0pt;"&gt;Actualizaciones III&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-f0kE5vleWFo/Ty5Kg5OK3RI/AAAAAAAADPI/wUk1xJzaWAE/s1600/268720_10150310785395752_763005751_9408837_3712116_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-f0kE5vleWFo/Ty5Kg5OK3RI/AAAAAAAADPI/wUk1xJzaWAE/s400/268720_10150310785395752_763005751_9408837_3712116_n.jpg" width="328" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;A continuación os comento las actualizaciones de los temas ya publicados. En ellos se incluyen vídeos y más imágenes que vienen a completar la información de cada uno de ellos.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/03/panzer-iv-sirios.html"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;PzKpfw IV Sirios. PzKpfw IV en la guerra de los Seis días.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Imagen de uno de los PzKpfw IV que aún hoy permanece en España y hermano de los que fueron vendido a Siria. (Foto: Diego Eduardo Valiente)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;Image of one of&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;PzKpfw&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;IV&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;that still&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;remains in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Spain and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;brother&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;who were&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;sold to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Syria.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;(Photo&lt;/span&gt;: Diego &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Eduardo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Valiente)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1p7dlbhKMDE/Ty5KPYO1qwI/AAAAAAAADPA/J27cLul0UoE/s1600/a072pziv31jpg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="278" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1p7dlbhKMDE/Ty5KPYO1qwI/AAAAAAAADPA/J27cLul0UoE/s400/a072pziv31jpg.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/03/replicas-para-el-cine-pzkpfw-iii-ausf-j.html"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;Réplicas para el cine. PzKpfw III Ausf J.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Vídeo de esta magnífica réplica en funcionamiento durante una de sus exhibiciones, sin duda, un excelente trabajo.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;"&gt;Video&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of this&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;magnificent replica&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;running for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;one&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of their exhibits&lt;/span&gt;, without &lt;span class="hps"&gt;doubt,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;an excellent job&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NaE47I7iNOM/Ty5KFuTJ8oI/AAAAAAAADO4/8DXKFvAwrP4/s1600/3486.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="266" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NaE47I7iNOM/Ty5KFuTJ8oI/AAAAAAAADO4/8DXKFvAwrP4/s400/3486.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises.html"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;Las guaridas de los Lobos Grises&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Nuevas imágenes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4yWyd1RVDIY/Ty5J5LwH2lI/AAAAAAAADOw/8vutI2dXc5c/s1600/u136sailsintoitspeninloth4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="186" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4yWyd1RVDIY/Ty5J5LwH2lI/AAAAAAAADOw/8vutI2dXc5c/s400/u136sailsintoitspeninloth4.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt;&lt;img src="http://img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="background-color: #b2b2b2; " class="BLOGGER-object-element tr_noresize tr_placeholder" id="ieooui" data-original-id="ieooui" /&gt; &lt;style&gt;st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/06/grille-en-el-fondo-del-rio.html"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;“Grille” en el fondo del río&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Nueva información sobre el lugar del hallazgo, unidad a la que pertenecía, etc.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;“&lt;i&gt;In 1999 a complete Grille was recovered from the river Enns in &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Austria&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt; with chassis number 2115. Thomas Jentz researched this vehicle and found it was attached to Pz.Gren.Div Grossdeutschland in April 1943. Mr Jentz postulates that this vehicle was issued to Fuhrer-Grenadierbrigade (FGB), which was made up from cadre and training units of GD and was later renamed Fuhrer-Grenadierdivision (FGD). Thus it ended up in the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Salzburg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;&lt;i&gt; area with the remnants of FGD in March/April 1945 where it somehow, by accident or design ended up in the River Enns. The fact that boots, helmets and food rations were found with it says much about its circumstances&lt;/i&gt;.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--ABi7lYqFyo/Ty5Jj5FFmoI/AAAAAAAADOo/fmTJNpBFits/s1600/ccobr11.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="258" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--ABi7lYqFyo/Ty5Jj5FFmoI/AAAAAAAADOo/fmTJNpBFits/s400/ccobr11.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/11/panzer-bulgaros.html"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;Panzer búlgaros. Bulgaria desmantela su línea defensiva.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Imagen de la restauración de uno de los Jagdpanzer y PzKpfw IV recuperados.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Image&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;restoration&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of one of the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;PzKpfw&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;IV&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Jagdpanzer&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;recovered.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-QS_p0ZyKYqA/Ty5JUsLpAlI/AAAAAAAADOg/SL0RmNWniuE/s1600/01afp123021902002113033.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="247" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-QS_p0ZyKYqA/Ty5JUsLpAlI/AAAAAAAADOg/SL0RmNWniuE/s400/01afp123021902002113033.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-5327402317014114623?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/5327402317014114623/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/actualizaciones-iii.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/5327402317014114623'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/5327402317014114623'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/actualizaciones-iii.html' title='Actualizaciones (III)'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-f0kE5vleWFo/Ty5Kg5OK3RI/AAAAAAAADPI/wUk1xJzaWAE/s72-c/268720_10150310785395752_763005751_9408837_3712116_n.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-3379016222173801947</id><published>2012-02-04T11:16:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-04T11:16:16.361+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Aliados'/><title type='text'>Camión Morris</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 22.0pt;"&gt;Camión británico Morris C8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zbhoJAIFkDo/Ty0Dm6sfFCI/AAAAAAAADOA/fuBx8O6Y5Ak/s1600/IWM-H-20971-Morris-C8-Slaght-Bridge-19420626.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="307" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zbhoJAIFkDo/Ty0Dm6sfFCI/AAAAAAAADOA/fuBx8O6Y5Ak/s400/IWM-H-20971-Morris-C8-Slaght-Bridge-19420626.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Sin duda fue la espina dorsal del transporte terrestre de las fuerzas británicas y de la Commonwealth durante la contienda. El Morris Comercial C8 FAT (&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Field Artillery Tractor&lt;/i&gt;) carecía de blindaje y era usado para remolcar las piezas de artillería y entre las tropas fue conocido como &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Quad. &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El proyecto se remonta a 1937 cuando el Departamento de Guerra solicitó un nuevo vehículo para el remolque de las piezas de artillería. El nuevo vehículo sustituiría al veterano Light Dragon y al Morris CDSW que ya estaban en servicio. Entre las características solicitadas estaba la tracción total a las cuatro ruedas y que fuese un chasis corto. Tenía que tener una construcción íntegra en metal para una posible descontaminación química en caso necesario y previsión para armamento ligero instalado en su techo. Además, debería ser capaz de transportar hasta 24 proyectiles de 25 libras y 8 más para munición anticarro. Por si esto no fuese poco, se sumaba el equipo de la tripulación y equipo completo. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Rápidamente Guy Motors presentó su propuesta a las autoridades. El conjunto pudo salir tan rápido ya que empleaba elementos y componentes de otros modelos de su gama. El nuevo vehículo surgió del diseño convencional CS8 pero recibió un nuevo motor montado en un subchasis, en lugar de colocarlo en el chasis como era habitual. El vehículo contaba con numeroso compartimentos y sitios para guardar todo tipo de objetos y equipo. En octubre de 1939 el primer Morris C8 abandonó las cadenas de montaje y continuó produciéndose durante toda la guerra. Una versión más alargada fue empleada para el transporte del antiaéreo Bofors.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qUOnJAZpka0/Ty0EiF9vrYI/AAAAAAAADOQ/vozyUrYQ4dk/s1600/morris.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qUOnJAZpka0/Ty0EiF9vrYI/AAAAAAAADOQ/vozyUrYQ4dk/s400/morris.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En cada regimiento de artillería había una dotación de 36 Morris, 24 de ellos para el remolque de una pieza con su armón y 12 más con dos armones. Vio por primera vez la acción cuando el BEF (&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;British Expedicionay Force&lt;/i&gt;) llegó a Francia en 1940. La gran mayoría de ellos se perdieron cuando se produjo la evacuación en Dunkerke y pronto encontraron nuevos dueños ya que fueron utilizados por los alemanes. Desde&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;junio de ese mismo año pasaron a servir como motorización para la artillería de campaña de 75 mm suministradas por los Estados Unidos. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Con la llegada del nuevo cañón de 25 libras el Morris se enfrentó a un reto ya que su motor de 70 caballos debía mover la pieza y armón que pesaban 9 toneladas de peso, esta falta de potencia se acentuaba en terreno montañoso o con caminos embarrados. Este camión también sirvió como remolque para los regimientos anticarro. Tras en fin de la guerra este Quad continuó en servicio sirviendo en las contiendas de Corea y Malasia. El Ejército británico renovó muchos de sus Quad a principios de los años 50 hasta que el último de ellos fue vendido en 1959&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: medium none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0;"&gt;   &lt;td colspan="3" style="background: #CCCCCC; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 432.2pt;" valign="top" width="576"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"&gt;Modelos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"&gt;   &lt;td style="background: #E0E0E0; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 77.4pt;" valign="top" width="103"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;Modelo&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style="background: #E0E0E0; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="top" width="96"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;Fabricados&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style="background: #E0E0E0; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 282.8pt;" valign="top" width="377"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;Notas&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;"&gt;   &lt;td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 77.4pt;" width="103"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;Mark I&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;200&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 282.8pt;" valign="top" width="377"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Fabricados entre 1939 y principios de 1940. Tracción   a las 4 ruedas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;"&gt;   &lt;td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 77.4pt;" width="103"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;Mark II&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;4.000&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 282.8pt;" valign="top" width="377"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Entre 1940 y principios de 1941. &lt;/span&gt;Cambio   en el diseño del eje delantero.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"&gt;   &lt;td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 77.4pt;" width="103"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;Mark III&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;6.000&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 282.8pt;" valign="top" width="377"&gt;   &lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;De 1941 a 1945. &lt;/span&gt;Tracción a las 4   ruedas opcional.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nlvlmbN2vAw/Ty0DF4h4I1I/AAAAAAAADNw/WZZ-KJTx0Ig/s1600/morris_c8_mk_ii_17_pounder_gun-39057.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="328" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nlvlmbN2vAw/Ty0DF4h4I1I/AAAAAAAADNw/WZZ-KJTx0Ig/s400/morris_c8_mk_ii_17_pounder_gun-39057.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-A9wmVqEWq98/Ty0FOXzlxaI/AAAAAAAADOY/7LHZ0qd3wOs/s1600/imagesddde.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="251" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-A9wmVqEWq98/Ty0FOXzlxaI/AAAAAAAADOY/7LHZ0qd3wOs/s400/imagesddde.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Fuentes: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;VENTHAM, P. “&lt;i&gt;Moving the Guns: The Mechanisation of the Royal Artillery 1854-1939&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;”&lt;/span&gt; HMSO, 1990&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;VANDERVEEN, B. “&lt;i&gt;Wheels and Tracks&lt;/i&gt;” nº29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;English version&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;It was certainly the backbone of land transportation and British forces of the Commonwealth during the war. The Morris Commercial C8 FAT (Field Artillery Tractor) lacked armor and was used to tow the artillery and the troops became known as the Quad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The project dates back to 1937 when the War Department requested a new vehicle for towing artillery pieces. The new vehicle would replace the Dragon Light veteran and Morris CDSW already in service. Among the features requested was the all-wheel drive four-wheel drive chassis and to be a short. He had to have an all-metal construction for a possible chemical decontamination if necessary and provision for light weapons installed on your roof. It should also be capable of carrying up to 24 rounds of 25 pounds and 8 more for anti-tank ammunition. As if this were not enough, the team was added and full crew.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Quickly Guy Motors presented its proposal to the authorities. The whole was able to get out as fast as it used elements and components of other models in its range. The new vehicle came CS8 conventional design but received a new engine mounted on a subframe, instead of placing it on the chassis as usual. The vehicle had numerous compartments and places for storing all kinds of objects and equipment. In October 1939 the first C8 Morris left the assembly lines and continued to occur throughout the war. A long version was used for the transport of anti-aircraft Bofors.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Xx6Ual6yk-o/Ty0DXYV8ONI/AAAAAAAADN4/mcMc_9vus-Y/s1600/normal_CMP_FAT_Macleans_Dec_1_1941_p_42.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="155" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Xx6Ual6yk-o/Ty0DXYV8ONI/AAAAAAAADN4/mcMc_9vus-Y/s400/normal_CMP_FAT_Macleans_Dec_1_1941_p_42.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In each artillery regiment had a staff of 36 Morris, 24 of them to haul a piece with his harmonica and 12 more with two harmonics. First saw action when the BEF (British Expedicionay Force) arrived in France in 1940. The vast majority of them were lost at the time of the evacuation at Dunkirk and soon found new owners and were used by the Germans. Since June of that year came to serve as motors for the field artillery, 75 mm supplied by the United States.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;With the arrival of the new 25-pound cannon on Morris faced a challenge because its 70 hp engine would move the piece and limber weighing 9 tons, this lack of power is accentuated in mountainous terrain or muddy roads. This truck also served as anti-tank regiments trailer. After end of war in the Quad service continued serving in the battles of Korea and Malaysia. The British Army Quad renewed many of the early 50's until the last one was sold in 1959&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-xxrX3_8KA80/Ty0EeN4eReI/AAAAAAAADOI/3442C45Gv70/s1600/morris_c8_quad-33907.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="273" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-xxrX3_8KA80/Ty0EeN4eReI/AAAAAAAADOI/3442C45Gv70/s400/morris_c8_quad-33907.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Sources: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;VENTHAM, P. “&lt;i&gt;Moving the Guns: The Mechanisation of the Royal Artillery 1854-1939&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;”&lt;/span&gt; HMSO, 1990&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;VANDERVEEN, B. “&lt;i&gt;Wheels and Tracks&lt;/i&gt;” nº29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-3379016222173801947?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/3379016222173801947/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/camion-morris.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3379016222173801947'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3379016222173801947'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/camion-morris.html' title='Camión Morris'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zbhoJAIFkDo/Ty0Dm6sfFCI/AAAAAAAADOA/fuBx8O6Y5Ak/s72-c/IWM-H-20971-Morris-C8-Slaght-Bridge-19420626.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-5155605919160893832</id><published>2012-02-03T09:24:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-03T09:27:42.569+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Guerra Submarina'/><title type='text'>Las guaridas de los Lobos Grises (IV)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boote. Burdeos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ubrwOQ90AdA/TyuXw4qhfCI/AAAAAAAADNY/EAZP5VEVHqs/s1600/U-boat_pens,_Bordeaux,_France-1Aug2009.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="256" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ubrwOQ90AdA/TyuXw4qhfCI/AAAAAAAADNY/EAZP5VEVHqs/s400/U-boat_pens,_Bordeaux,_France-1Aug2009.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Desde el otoño de 1940 la base de Burdeos fue utilizada por la flotilla italiana “Betason” y desde octubre de 1942 por la 12º Unterseebootsflotille alemana. En agosto de 1940, el almirante Doenitz se entrevistó con su colega italiano Angelo Paroma para intentar organizar una cooperación eficiente de ambas armas submarinas en el Atlántico. La Marina italiana destacó al capitán de fragata Sestini como enlace en el B.d.U. y la Kriegsmarine envió al capitán de corbeta Rösing al Estado Mayor italiano.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Los tres primeros submarinos italianos entraron en Burdeos en septiembre de 1940. Con todo, a pesar de los esfuerzos de adaptación de los comandantes y dotaciones de ambos países, el espíritu individualista de los italianos no logró adaptarse a las tácticas metódicas de los alemanes y las cosas no funcionaron como se esperaba. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La 12º Unterseebootsflotille estaba compuesta por los submarinos gigantes de aprovisionamiento con gran radio de acción, tipos IX-D2, XIV (1.932 toneladas) y X-B (2.177 toneladas). Estos buques llevaron suministros en la mar a centenares de submarinos antes de ser hundidos, la mayoría en 1943. El último de los X-B, el U-219, salió de Burdeos rumbo al Pacifico como submarino de transporte unas horas antes de que la base cayese en manos de los Aliados en agosto de 1944 y alcanzó Yakarta cuatro meses después. La Armada Imperial japonesa lo rebautizó como I-505 y continuó la lucha hasta agosto de 1945.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bUqHiYg7U0s/TyuYYWgDNOI/AAAAAAAADNo/xpdkzoGE1GM/s1600/bordeaux3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="191" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bUqHiYg7U0s/TyuYYWgDNOI/AAAAAAAADNo/xpdkzoGE1GM/s400/bordeaux3.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Inaguración del bunker a principios de 1943&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;También los japoneses visitaron Burdeos, en 1943 el I-8 entró en el puerto y poco más tarde regreso a sus aguas. La patrulla más larga realizada por un submarino durante la guerra sería la del U-196, mandado por el capitán de corbeta Kentrat. Este submarino regresó a Burdeos el 23 de octubre de 1943 tras permanecer 225 días en el mar.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;NIESTLE, A. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;German U-Boot losses during World War II &lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;BLAIR, C. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Hitler´s U-Boat war&lt;/i&gt;” Random House, 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;WYNN, K. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;U-Boat operations of the Second World War&lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises.html"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boote. Lorient, el fondeadero de los experten.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/12/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises-ii.html"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boote. La Pallice&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises-iii.html"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boot. Saint-Nazaire&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/04/los-mejores-capitanes-de-u-boot-i.html"&gt;Los mejores capitanes de los Lobos Grises&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;English version&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;Since autumn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1940 the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bordeaux&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;base&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was used by the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Italian&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;fleet&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hpsatn"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;Betason" &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and since October&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1942 by&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the 12th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;German&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Unterseebootsflotille&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;In August 1940&lt;/span&gt;, Admiral &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Doenitz&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;met with his&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Italian colleague&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Angelo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;writes Paroma&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to try to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;organize&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;an efficient cooperation&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of both&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the Atlantic&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;submarine weapons&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Italian Navy&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Commander&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;stressed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;link in the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Sestini&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;BdU&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the Navy&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;sent&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Lieutenant Commander&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Rösing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Italian&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;General Staff&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;The first three&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Italian submarines&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;entered&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bordeaux in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;September 1940.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;However,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;despite&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;efforts to adapt&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;commanders and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;crews of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;both countries,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the individualist spirit of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the Italians&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;failed to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;adapt to the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;methodical&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;tactics&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the Germans and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;things did not work&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;as expected.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;12 º&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Unterseebootsflotille&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;submarines&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;comprised the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;supply&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;giant&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with great&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;range,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;type&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hpsatn"&gt;IX-&lt;/span&gt;D2, XIV &lt;span class="hps"&gt;(1,932&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;tons) and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;XB&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;(2,177&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;tons).&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;These ships&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;carried&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;supplies&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;into the sea&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;hundreds of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;sunken&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;submarines&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;before&lt;/span&gt;, most in &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1943.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The last of the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;XB&lt;/span&gt;, the &lt;span class="hps"&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;-219 &lt;span class="hps"&gt;left&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bordeaux&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;heading for the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Pacific&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;submarine&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;transport&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a few hours&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;before the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;base&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;falling into the hands&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the Allies&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in August 1944&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and reached&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Jakarta&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;four months later.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Japanese&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Imperial&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Navy&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;renamed it&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hpsatn"&gt;I-&lt;/span&gt;505 and &lt;span class="hps"&gt;continued the fight&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;until August&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1945.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CxeojSu6sVc/TyuYNTqefvI/AAAAAAAADNg/vMO5F5aL88A/s1600/bordeaux2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="241" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CxeojSu6sVc/TyuYNTqefvI/AAAAAAAADNg/vMO5F5aL88A/s400/bordeaux2.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;The building site of the bunker in autumn 1942&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The Japanese&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;visited&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bordeaux in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1943,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;I-8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;entered the port&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and shortly thereafter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;returned to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;its waters.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;longest&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;patrol&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;by&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a submarine during&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the war would be&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;that of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;-196, &lt;span class="hps"&gt;commanded by&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Lieutenant Commander&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Kentrat&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;submarine&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;returned to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bordeaux on&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;October 23, 1943&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;after spending&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;225 days&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at sea.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Sources:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;NIESTLE, A. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;German U-Boot losses during World War II &lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;BLAIR, C. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Hitler´s U-Boat war&lt;/i&gt;” Random House, 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;WYNN, K. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;U-Boat operations of the Second World War&lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises.html"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boote. Lorient, el fondeadero de los experten.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/12/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises-ii.html"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boote. La Pallice&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises-iii.html"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boot. Saint-Nazaire&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/04/los-mejores-capitanes-de-u-boot-i.html"&gt;Los mejores capitanes de los Lobos Grises&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-5155605919160893832?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/5155605919160893832/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises-iv.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/5155605919160893832'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/5155605919160893832'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises-iv.html' title='Las guaridas de los Lobos Grises (IV)'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ubrwOQ90AdA/TyuXw4qhfCI/AAAAAAAADNY/EAZP5VEVHqs/s72-c/U-boat_pens,_Bordeaux,_France-1Aug2009.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-3824983281431309436</id><published>2012-02-02T09:10:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-02T09:10:49.223+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Aeródromos de la IIGM'/><title type='text'>Aeródromos de la IIGM: Birch</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Aeródromo de Birch (Inglaterra)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fNwAld8VRf4/TypCuaSbthI/AAAAAAAADM4/iqLSk8nQyDo/s1600/Douglas_A-20G_Havoc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="242" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fNwAld8VRf4/TypCuaSbthI/AAAAAAAADM4/iqLSk8nQyDo/s400/Douglas_A-20G_Havoc.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Situado en Essex, a dos millas (3.2 km) al noreste de Tiptree y a unas 43 (69 Km) al noreste de Londres. Su localización fue establecida en agosto de 1942, para servir como aeródromo del 8º AF de la USAF y sus bombarderos pesados, sin embargo sus trabajos no comenzaron hasta bien entrado 1943. En octubre su control fue transferido a la 9º AF. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El aeródromo fue construido por el 846th Engineer Battalion, U.S. Army siendo un campo Clase A Standard con tres pistas convergentes a 60º. La pista principal tenía 6.000 píes de longitud (08/26) y las dos secundarias 4.200 cada una (02/20, 13/31). También disponía de una pista de circunvalación para comunicar las distintas áreas. En cuanto a los edificios fueron construidos por Nissen y comprendían distintos tamaños como era habitual (almacenes, polvorín, capilla, hospital, etc). Todas estas instalaciones fueron conectadas entre sí mediante un camino de un único sentido. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Las instalaciones también contaron con dos hangares T-2 y varios talleres de mantenimiento y reparaciones ligeras. El polvorín estaba situado en el lado este del campo, fuera del perímetro, protegido por taludes de tierra y muros de hormigón. Así mismo disponía de varios refugios de dispersión, pero todos ellos a unos dos kilómetros de la zona de mantenimiento. En total la base albergaba a 2.894 hombres.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Bajo el mando de la USAF recibió el nombre de Station AAF-149 con el código “BR”. Durante la primera semana de abril de 1944 llegó el personal y los aparatos del 410th Bombardment Group con sus Douglas A-20 Havoc realizando el tránsito desde Florida en barco. Dos semanas después la unidad fue trasladada al &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/12/aerodromos-de-la-iigm-gosfield.html"&gt;aeródromo de Gosfield&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;A finales de mayo el campo volvió a la 8º AF para ser utilizado por el 3d Bombardment Division como campo de reserva. Finalmente la construcción del campo finalizó en junio pero ninguna unidad fue asignada siendo utilizado para aterrizajes de emergencia de los aparatos dañados en combate y control del ejército. En septiembre de 1944 fue seleccionado para albergar a los C-47 del 52d Troop Carrier Wing pero finalmente la unidad no llegó a trasladarse a Birch.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wIKlg1mlg7o/TypC4BlPrPI/AAAAAAAADNA/28s9a42QZFk/s1600/birchafldsep44.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="310" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wIKlg1mlg7o/TypC4BlPrPI/AAAAAAAADNA/28s9a42QZFk/s400/birchafldsep44.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style="font-size: 85%; line-height: 116%;"&gt;Septiembre de 1944&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En marzo de 1945 llegaron los planeadores Horsa de la RAF del 46º Group junto con los C-47 del 48, 233 y 437 Sqdn. El 24 de marzo los C-47 comenzaron a despegar remolcando sus planeadores, en total 60 aviones y 60 planeadores para participar en la Operación Varsity, el cruce del Rhin. La mayoría de aparatos aterrizaron en otros campos y el 46 Group se retiró del aeródromo después de unos días. A partir de entonces el aeródromo quedó abandonado solo con el mantenimiento de un reducido personal de la RAF.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Tras el abandono del ejército, regresó a uso agrícola. Hoy día la mayoría de las edificaciones de hormigón ha desaparecido dejando sólo los caminos para uso de tractores y otros vehículos agrícolas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;FREEMAN, R. “&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;UK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt; Airfields of the Ninth: Then and Now 1994&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;” After the battle, 1994&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;FREEMAN, R. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;The Ninth Air Force in Colour: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;UK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt; and the Continent-World War Two&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;” 1996&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;MAURER, M. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Air Force Combat Units Of World War II&lt;/i&gt;” Maxwell AFB, 1983&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;Located in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Essex&lt;/span&gt;, two miles &lt;span class="hps"&gt;(3.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;km&lt;/span&gt;) northeast of &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Tiptree&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;some 43&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;(69&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;km&lt;/span&gt;) northeast of &lt;span lang="EN"&gt;London. Its location&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was established&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in August 1942&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to serve&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;as an aerodrome&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;for the 8th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;AF&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;USAF and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;its heavy bombers&lt;/span&gt;, but &lt;span class="hps"&gt;their work&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;did not begin&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;until well into&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1943.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;In&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;October its&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;control&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was transferred to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the 9th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;AF.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;The airfield&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was built by&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Engineer&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Battalion&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;846th&lt;/span&gt;, U.S. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Army&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;field&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to be a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Class A&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Standard&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with three tracks&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;converged&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to 60&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;º.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The main runway&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;6,000 feet&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hpsatn"&gt;long (&lt;/span&gt;08/26) and &lt;span class="hps"&gt;two secondary&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;4200&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hpsatn"&gt;each (&lt;/span&gt;02/20, &lt;span class="hps"&gt;13/31)&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Also had a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;bypass&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;track&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to communicate&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the different areas.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;As&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the buildings were&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;built by&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Nissen&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and included&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;various sizes&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;as usual&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;(stores,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;magazine&lt;/span&gt;, chapel, hospital, &lt;span class="hps"&gt;etc).&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;All these facilities&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;were&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;connected by&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;one-way&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;road&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-EbIoFKwNYv4/TypDv5o_QUI/AAAAAAAADNQ/mo33OXTg6E0/s1600/00dibujosss.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="241" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-EbIoFKwNYv4/TypDv5o_QUI/AAAAAAAADNQ/mo33OXTg6E0/s400/00dibujosss.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;The facility&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;also had&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;two&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;T-2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;hangars&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;workshops&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;for maintenance and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;light repairs&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;magazine&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was located&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;on the east side&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the field,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;outside the perimeter&lt;/span&gt;, protected &lt;span class="hps"&gt;by embankments&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of earth and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;concrete walls.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Also&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;available&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Scatter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;several shelters&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="hps"&gt;but all of them&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;about two&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;miles from the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;maintenance area&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;In total, the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;base&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was home to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;2894&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;men.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;Under the command of&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the Air Force&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Station&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was named&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;AAF&lt;/span&gt;-149 &lt;span class="hpsatn"&gt;with the code "&lt;/span&gt;BR". &lt;span class="hps"&gt;During&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the first week of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;April 1944&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;came&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the staff and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the apparatus of the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;410th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bombardment&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Group&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Douglas&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;A-20&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Havoc&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;made&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;​​the transition from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Florida&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;by boat.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Two&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;weeks later the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;unit was transferred&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to the &lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_2081019127"&gt;airfield of&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_2081019127"&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/12/aerodromos-de-la-iigm-gosfield.html"&gt;Gosfield&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;In late&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;May, the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;field returned to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the 8th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;AF&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to be used by&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the 3d&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bombardment&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Division&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;as a field of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;reservation.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Finally, the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;field construction&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was completed in June&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;but no&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;unit was assigned&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to be used&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;for emergency landings&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;aircraft&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;damaged&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in combat and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;control&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the army.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;In September&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1944 he was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;selected&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to house the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;-47 &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Troop&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Carrier&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Wing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;52d&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;but eventually&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the unit&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;did not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;move to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Birch.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;In March 1945&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Horsa&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;gliders&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;arrived&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the 46th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Group&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;RAF&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;along with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;48&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;C-47&lt;/span&gt;, 233 &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and 437&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Sqdn&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;On March 24&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;-47 &lt;span class="hps"&gt;began to take off&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;towing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;their gliders,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a total of 60&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;aircraft&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and 60&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;gliders to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;take part in Operation&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Varsity&lt;/span&gt;, the crossing &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the Rhine.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Most&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;aircraft&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;landed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in other fields&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and 46&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Aerodrome&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Group&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;withdrew&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;after a few&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;days.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Since then&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the airfield&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was abandoned&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;only&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with maintaining&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a small staff&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the RAF.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Vvrb_o6bNTc/TypDlnd919I/AAAAAAAADNI/UfAnKe1vvdk/s1600/Market-Garden_-_C-47_transport_planes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="252" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Vvrb_o6bNTc/TypDlnd919I/AAAAAAAADNI/UfAnKe1vvdk/s400/Market-Garden_-_C-47_transport_planes.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;After&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;leaving&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the army,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;returned to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;agricultural use.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Today,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;most&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;concrete&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;buildings&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;has disappeared&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;leaving only&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the ways to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;use&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;tractors and other&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;farm vehicles.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Sources:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;FREEMAN, R. “&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;UK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt; Airfields of the Ninth: Then and Now 1994&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;” After the battle, 1994&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;FREEMAN, R. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;The Ninth Air Force in Colour: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;UK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt; and the Continent-World War Two&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;” 1996&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;MAURER, M. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Air Force Combat Units Of World War II&lt;/i&gt;” Maxwell AFB, 1983&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-3824983281431309436?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/3824983281431309436/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/aerodromos-de-la-iigm-birch.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3824983281431309436'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3824983281431309436'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/aerodromos-de-la-iigm-birch.html' title='Aeródromos de la IIGM: Birch'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fNwAld8VRf4/TypCuaSbthI/AAAAAAAADM4/iqLSk8nQyDo/s72-c/Douglas_A-20G_Havoc.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-1935203659787065190</id><published>2012-02-01T09:23:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-01T09:23:52.276+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Panzerwaffe'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Vehículos en movimiento'/><title type='text'>Vehículos en movimiento: Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;Vehículos de la II Guerra Mundial en movimiento: Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JL85V51pnNo/Tyj1qmeprmI/AAAAAAAADMw/NWJ2qjnlAdc/s1600/047.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="252" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JL85V51pnNo/Tyj1qmeprmI/AAAAAAAADMw/NWJ2qjnlAdc/s400/047.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Empleándose componentes del PzKpfw 38(t) y los elementos de automoción ya probados, una vez más, para la creación de este cazacarros de segunda generación. Al igual que los otros vehículos basados en ese bastidor resultó un vehículo fiable mecánicamente y robusto. El Hetzer estaba impulsado por un motor Praga a gasolina de 6 cilindros, 150 hp a 1.600 rpm. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En su producción media, a mediados de 1944, se realizaron algunas modificaciones que incluia la reduccion de los huecos en las ruedas directoras de 12 a 6 - 8. En octubre, se elimino el desfogue del motor y las ruedas cambiadas por el tipo de 16 remaches en lugar de las de 32 pernos mientras que a finales de 1944 y 1945 se realizaron modificaciones en las ruedas de rodaje.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El vehículo estaba algo sobrecargado por el peso del cañón, el blindaje y los 41 proyectiles teniendo problemas con el peso en las ballestas frontales, que tendían a romperse. A pesar de todo resultó un vehículo fiable capaz de realizar largas marchas y seguir en estado operativo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/hUxyzRBz8xo" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/TbDmFd5X3Oo" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/9pSR6lfc-Yo" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fuentes: &lt;br /&gt;PERRET, B. “&lt;i&gt;Sturmartillerie and Panzerjäger&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1979 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;“Hetzer. Jagdpanzer 38(t)&lt;/i&gt;”&amp;nbsp; Das Waffen-Arsenal, 1979&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Use components of the PzKpfw 38(t) and automotive components proven, once again, for the creation of this second-generation tank destroyers. Like the other vehicles was based on a vehicle frame that mechanically reliable and robust. The Hetzer was powered by a gasoline Prague 6-cylinder, 150 hp at 1,600 rpm.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In their average production in mid 1944, some modifications were made which included the reduction of the holes in the wheels directors from 12 to 6 to 8. In October, remove the vent motor and wheels changed by the type of 16 rivets instead of bolts 32 while at the end of 1944 and 1945 changes were made in the running wheels.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The vehicle was somewhat overwhelmed by the weight of the gun, shielding and 41 projectiles having problems with weight on front leaf springs, which tended to break. Still was a reliable vehicle capable of long marches and stay in working order.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Hetzer in "Ambush" camouflage. Lesany Military Technical Museum, Czech Republic.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/QgcUafr-M8w" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/55-x-sJ9dE8" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Kubinka tank museum, Russia. Sept. 2004&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/hjl45ZCB8nE" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sources:&lt;br /&gt;PERRET, B. “&lt;i&gt;Sturmartillerie and Panzerjäger&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1979 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;“Hetzer. Jagdpanzer 38(t)&lt;/i&gt;”&amp;nbsp; Das Waffen-Arsenal, 1979&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-1935203659787065190?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/1935203659787065190/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/vehiculos-en-movimiento-jagdpanzer-38t.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/1935203659787065190'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/1935203659787065190'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/02/vehiculos-en-movimiento-jagdpanzer-38t.html' title='Vehículos en movimiento: Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JL85V51pnNo/Tyj1qmeprmI/AAAAAAAADMw/NWJ2qjnlAdc/s72-c/047.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-7891632932929290647</id><published>2012-01-31T09:19:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-31T09:19:42.710+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Aviación Aliada'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='USAAF'/><title type='text'>Nose art del 78º FG (II)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Nose art&lt;/i&gt; del 78º Fighter Group&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-baFPcif5oo0/TyeeK0Zk_MI/AAAAAAAADLg/nnOlkHiC6SY/s1600/war_eagle_Page_1-750x593.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="310" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-baFPcif5oo0/TyeeK0Zk_MI/AAAAAAAADLg/nnOlkHiC6SY/s400/war_eagle_Page_1-750x593.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47D-1 “&lt;i&gt;Iron Ass&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fue el segundo P-47 asignado a Oberhansly y la insignia fue modificada a partir de la enseña personal del piloto. Anteriormente Oberhansly pilotó el P-47C-5 (41-6542/MX-W) que tenía el mismo nombre. Con este nuevo aparato derribó dos aparatos alemanes el 27 de septiembre más uno probable el 30 de noviembre de 1943. No fue hasta que cambió de aparato, un P-47D-11 (42-75406/MX-Z) cuando lograría cuatro nuevos derribos. Su último derribo lo logró a los mandos de un P-47D-28 (44-19566/MX-X) el 28 de agosto de 1944 cuando derribó un bombardero Ju 88.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;It was the second&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;-47&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;assigned to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Oberhansly&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the logo was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;modified from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;teaching&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;staff&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the pilot.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Oberhansly&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;previously&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;piloted the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;P-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;47C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-5 (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;41-6542/MX-W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;) that had the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;same name.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;With this new&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;unit&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;shot down two&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;German&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;aircraft&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;on 27&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;September more&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;likely&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;November 30, 1943&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;It was not until&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;he changed his&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;plane, a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;P-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;47D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-11 (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;42-75406/MX-Z&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;) when&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;four new&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;demolition&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;achieved&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;His last&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;throw&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;he did&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at the controls of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;P-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;47D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-28 (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;44-19566/MX-X&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;) on&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;August 28, 1944&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;when he shot down&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Ju 88&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;bomber&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-cwID89bgo2E/TyeezE_O6HI/AAAAAAAADLo/VrbpypGC9fk/s1600/Iron+ass2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="271" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-cwID89bgo2E/TyeezE_O6HI/AAAAAAAADLo/VrbpypGC9fk/s400/Iron+ass2.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3NNmj-v6lC4/TyedwP2IWBI/AAAAAAAADLY/as-3BSVPCNk/s1600/Iron+ass.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="108" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3NNmj-v6lC4/TyedwP2IWBI/AAAAAAAADLY/as-3BSVPCNk/s400/Iron+ass.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Maj. Jack Oberhansly, CO del 82nd FS del 78º FG 42-7883. Duxford, noviembre de 1943.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47D-6 “&lt;i&gt;Okie&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Brown logró un registro final de 12,333 victorias aéreas en un año de servicio, del 27 de septiembre de 1943 al 1 de septiembre de 1944. Con el “&lt;i&gt;Okie&lt;/i&gt;” original, un P-47D-6, logró 7,333 victorias. El resto de victorias las lograría a los mandos de otros 3 Thunderbolts; P-47D-6 (42-74723/WZ-X), P-47D-5 (42-8574/WZ-D) y P-47D-25 (42-26567/WZ-V). El sobrenombre de “&lt;i&gt;Okie&lt;/i&gt;” viene de su estado, Oklahoma. En abril de 1944 cambió de montura, un P-47D-21 (42-25698) pero no logró ninguna victoria a los mandos de este aparato.&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Brown managed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a final record&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;12.333&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;aerial victories&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in a year of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;service, from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;September 27, 1943&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;September 1, 1944&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;With the "&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;Okie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;" original,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;P-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;47D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;-6,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;achieved&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;7.333&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;wins.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The other&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;victories were&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;achieved&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at the controls of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;other 3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Thunderbolts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;, P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;-47D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-6 (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;42-74723/WZ-X&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;), P-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;47D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-5 (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;42-8574/WZ-D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;) and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;P-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;47D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-25 (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;42-26567/WZ-V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;).&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The nickname of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;"Okie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;" comes from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;state,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Oklahoma.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;In April 1944&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;changed the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;frame, a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;P-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;47D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-21 (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;42-25698&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;but failed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;win&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;any&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;controls&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of this unit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-nhqHFUa5wOU/TyegACDiltI/AAAAAAAADL4/ktKirQNDI6Y/s1600/Okie2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="111" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-nhqHFUa5wOU/TyegACDiltI/AAAAAAAADL4/ktKirQNDI6Y/s400/Okie2.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Lt. Quince Brown, del 84th FS del 78º FG 42-74753. Duxford, marzo de 1944 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zch__ftaWgk/TyegdB0Q3AI/AAAAAAAADMA/yCoyvapD350/s1600/Quince_Brown_and_Dog_Page_1-747x577.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="308" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zch__ftaWgk/TyegdB0Q3AI/AAAAAAAADMA/yCoyvapD350/s400/Quince_Brown_and_Dog_Page_1-747x577.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SHaWvC9Pzaw/TyefgLQVAJI/AAAAAAAADLw/hWCUppvG7xE/s1600/Okie.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="122" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SHaWvC9Pzaw/TyefgLQVAJI/AAAAAAAADLw/hWCUppvG7xE/s400/Okie.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Maj. Quince Brown, del 84th FS del 78º FG 42-25698. Duxford, septiembre de 1944&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;P-47C-2 “&lt;i&gt;Wolfpack&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Se trata de un P-47C-2 (41-6267/HV-V) que realmente pertenecía al 61º FG del 56º FS pero que se unió al 78º FG en Duxford para ayudar a esta unidad a entrar en combate con su experiencia.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;This is a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;P-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;47C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-2 (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;41-6267/HV-V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;) actually&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;belonged&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to 61&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;º&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;56 º&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;FS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;FG&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;but&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;he joined&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the 78th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;FG&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Duxford&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to help&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;this unit to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;enter combat&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with their experience.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-E9YcEEwdRzQ/Tyeg_AqZdkI/AAAAAAAADMI/Q7DrXnzflWQ/s1600/Wolfpack.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="210" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-E9YcEEwdRzQ/Tyeg_AqZdkI/AAAAAAAADMI/Q7DrXnzflWQ/s400/Wolfpack.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47C-5 “&lt;i&gt;Geronimo&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Se trata de un P-47C-5 (41-6367/WZ-B) pilotado por el Maj. John D. Irwin del 84th FS. Bajo su cabina se pueden ver cuatro svásticas representando sus victorias.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;This is a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;P-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;47C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-5 (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;41-6367/WZ-B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;piloted by&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Maj&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;John&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;D.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Irwin&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;84th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;FS.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Under his&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;cabin&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;there are four&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;swastikas&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;representing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;his victories.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GV1CpDTh_p0/TyehvUsWsOI/AAAAAAAADMQ/gTJ6Ibam_CA/s1600/geronimo.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="268" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GV1CpDTh_p0/TyehvUsWsOI/AAAAAAAADMQ/gTJ6Ibam_CA/s400/geronimo.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47D “&lt;i&gt;Vee Gail&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El 78º FG se convirtió en un imán para las estrellas de Hollywood que llegaban desde el otro lado del Atlántico para visitar a las tropas americanas estacionadas en Inglaterra. En este caso es el humorista Bob Hope el que posa junto a la actriz Frances Langford en el aeródromo de Duxford el 3 de julio de 1943. El “&lt;i&gt;Vee Gail&lt;/i&gt;” era el aparato del Capt. Robert E. Eby quién terminó su servicio de misiones con el Cuartel General de la unidad, desde mayo de 1942 hasta septiembre de 1944 cuando fue nombrado Director de Operaciones de Cazas de la 3º División Aérea.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;78 th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;FG&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;became a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;magnet for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Hollywood stars who&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;came&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;from across&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the Atlantic&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to visit&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;American troops&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;stationed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in England.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;In this case,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the comedian&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bob&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Hope&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;who&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;poses&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with actress&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Frances&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Langford&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Duxford&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Airfield&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;on&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;July 3, 1943&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;The "&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Vee&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Gail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;" was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Capt&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;apparatus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Robert&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;E.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Eby&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;who&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;completed his service&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;mission&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;headquarters&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;unit&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;from May&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1942 until&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;September 1944&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;when he was appointed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Chief Operating Officer&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the 3rd&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Fighter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Air Division&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-qJWtdWVh3lY/TyeiRzmBlbI/AAAAAAAADMY/s1hihZH-4mY/s1600/Vee+gail.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="308" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-qJWtdWVh3lY/TyeiRzmBlbI/AAAAAAAADMY/s1hihZH-4mY/s400/Vee+gail.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47 “&lt;i&gt;Geanie V.O.S.&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El personal de tierra incluye una nueva marca de victoria en el aparato del Lt. Warren Wesson. Reclamó cuatro victorias en el aire y dos más destruidos en tierra lo que le proporcionó el título de as para el VIII Figther Command. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Ground staff&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;includes&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a brand new&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;victory in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the apparatus of the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Lt.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Warren&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Wesson.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;He claimed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;four victories&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in the air&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and two more&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;destroyed on the ground&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;which&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;gave him the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;title&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;for the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;VIII&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Fighter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Ace&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Command.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Edkuq3_JzjA/TyejG_9wn5I/AAAAAAAADMg/6ct9T_dj8k4/s1600/VOS.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="288" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Edkuq3_JzjA/TyejG_9wn5I/AAAAAAAADMg/6ct9T_dj8k4/s400/VOS.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47 “&lt;i&gt;Roger the Lodger&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Este caza estaba integrado en el 84th FS del 78º FG. La fotografía fue tomada en Duxford en septiembre de 1944.&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;This fighter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;built&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the 78th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;FS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;84th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;FG.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;photograph was taken at&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Duxford&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in September&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1944.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Vlt2OUSQgrA/TyejpoP8OKI/AAAAAAAADMo/RxptPPt0uT8/s1600/Roger+the+Lodger.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="183" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Vlt2OUSQgrA/TyejpoP8OKI/AAAAAAAADMo/RxptPPt0uT8/s400/Roger+the+Lodger.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/nose-art-del-78-fg-i.html"&gt;Ir a la Primera parte.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;Fuentes/Sources&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;SCUTTS, J. “&lt;i&gt;P-47 Thunderbolt aces of the Eight Air Force&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1998&lt;br /&gt;McDOWELL, E. “&lt;i&gt;Republic P-47 Thunderbolt&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1971&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-7891632932929290647?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/7891632932929290647/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/nose-art-del-78-fg-ii.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7891632932929290647'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7891632932929290647'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/nose-art-del-78-fg-ii.html' title='Nose art del 78º FG (II)'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-baFPcif5oo0/TyeeK0Zk_MI/AAAAAAAADLg/nnOlkHiC6SY/s72-c/war_eagle_Page_1-750x593.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-7512746472693284932</id><published>2012-01-30T13:35:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-30T13:35:03.869+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><title type='text'>Recuperación en Normandia</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;Recuperación de vehículos aliados en las playas francesas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wn_pcPxIcOg/TyaNDOGy_iI/AAAAAAAADJw/iPLxyNFvDUY/s1600/shermobr1b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="251" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wn_pcPxIcOg/TyaNDOGy_iI/AAAAAAAADJw/iPLxyNFvDUY/s400/shermobr1b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El desembarco en Normandia movilizó una cantidad ingente tanto de hombres como de material. Muchos de estos vehículos se perdieron en las aproximaciones a las playas y durante los enfrentamientos con los defensores alemanes. Algunos de estos vehículos fueron recuperados en fechas posteriores pero otros muchos acabaron olvidados bajo las aguas del mar o enterrados por la arena de la playa. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Uno de ellos se rescató cerca de la localidad francesa de Arcachon gracias a una gran tormenta que se desató en el mar en 1984. El temporal dejó al descubierto un M4A2 Sherman enterrado en la playa. Sin embargo no fue hasta 1990 cuando se procedió a rescatarlo de las arenas del tiempo. Se hizo necesaria la presencia de maquinaria pesada para su rescate y muchas horas de trabajo bajo el sol. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tras muchos meses de intensos trabajos se le devolvió no solo el aspecto original que lució este carro de combate si no que además la total movilidad gracias al duro trabajo por un grupo de veteranos. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sin embargo este Sherman no ha sido el único rescatado de las playas francesas, otros tres vehículos norteamericanos fueron rescatados del litoral francés. Se trata de otro Sherman, con cañón de 75 mm, un carro de recuperación M31 TRV y un cazacarros M10. Todos ellos carecen de su armamento pero parecen no tener daños estructurales pudiendo ser reparados aportando el suficiente capital. A parte de estos escasos datos poco más he podido averiguar sobre estos vehículos hasta la fecha. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iYBbU-uz9q8/TyaNKJB0W-I/AAAAAAAADJ4/o8Ue8gp5Tww/s1600/playaobr1b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="285" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iYBbU-uz9q8/TyaNKJB0W-I/AAAAAAAADJ4/o8Ue8gp5Tww/s400/playaobr1b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nW0U1rutjrk/TyaNTlmGj1I/AAAAAAAADKI/15sVyusKia0/s1600/usm10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="266" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nW0U1rutjrk/TyaNTlmGj1I/AAAAAAAADKI/15sVyusKia0/s400/usm10.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;M10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wx3JqrlzwYU/TyaNO0gQo7I/AAAAAAAADKA/loLMiWLBWB4/s1600/playaobr2b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="197" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wx3JqrlzwYU/TyaNO0gQo7I/AAAAAAAADKA/loLMiWLBWB4/s400/playaobr2b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mwqi5uDaXGI/TyaNbFBP5mI/AAAAAAAADKQ/3qB_FtYOjmg/s1600/30961283330e86752ca2o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="275" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mwqi5uDaXGI/TyaNbFBP5mI/AAAAAAAADKQ/3qB_FtYOjmg/s400/30961283330e86752ca2o.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;M31 TRV&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-x-f_p3uME74/TyaNgWBdfAI/AAAAAAAADKY/V_Px37Ct2M4/s1600/playaobr3b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="305" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-x-f_p3uME74/TyaNgWBdfAI/AAAAAAAADKY/V_Px37Ct2M4/s400/playaobr3b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-u0VUIqvNaCs/TyaNldb_VUI/AAAAAAAADKg/W8MNg-3laew/s1600/playaobr5b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="180" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-u0VUIqvNaCs/TyaNldb_VUI/AAAAAAAADKg/W8MNg-3laew/s400/playaobr5b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fuentes:&lt;br /&gt;Calvde Foucher&lt;br /&gt;Revista “&lt;i&gt;Mil&lt;/i&gt;” Nº 15/1991&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The landing in Normandy mobilized a huge number of both men and material. Many of these vehicles were lost in the approaches to the beaches and during clashes with the German defenders. Some of these vehicles were recovered at a later date but many ended up forgotten in the sea or buried by sand from the beach.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;One of them was rescued near the French town of Arcachon, thanks to a big storm in the sea broke in 1984. The storm exposed a Sherman M4A2 buried on the beach. However it was not until 1990 when it came to rescue him from the sands of time. It was necessary the presence of heavy equipment for rescue work and long hours in the sun.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After many months of hard work has not only brought back the original look that she wore the tank but in addition, the full mobility through hard work by a group of veterans.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;However, this Sherman was not the only one rescued from the French beaches, three Americans were rescued from vehicles French coast. This is another Sherman with 75 mm cannon, a recovery truck and a tank destroyer M31 M10 TRV. They lack their weapons, but seem to have no structural damage can be repaired by providing sufficient capital. Apart from these few little details I could find on these vehicles to date.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-msiGXaSreUA/TyaNwIzwg2I/AAAAAAAADKo/BEfiDnZ4PS0/s1600/playaobr4b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="310" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-msiGXaSreUA/TyaNwIzwg2I/AAAAAAAADKo/BEfiDnZ4PS0/s400/playaobr4b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ziaUt-gCjiY/TyaN3QukFMI/AAAAAAAADKw/n1oQIWfa1Yo/s1600/shermobr4b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="295" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ziaUt-gCjiY/TyaN3QukFMI/AAAAAAAADKw/n1oQIWfa1Yo/s400/shermobr4b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-E5K4SzFfxMs/TyaN8iuWcNI/AAAAAAAADK4/5Vel6eIbzi4/s1600/shermobr3b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="271" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-E5K4SzFfxMs/TyaN8iuWcNI/AAAAAAAADK4/5Vel6eIbzi4/s400/shermobr3b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kOzFNYOayt4/TyaOBos_lVI/AAAAAAAADLA/KYoik43KZng/s1600/shermobr7b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="245" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kOzFNYOayt4/TyaOBos_lVI/AAAAAAAADLA/KYoik43KZng/s400/shermobr7b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-z56lwUF3I6E/TyaOJJXRufI/AAAAAAAADLI/jzQw5jxL9RM/s1600/shermobr11b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-z56lwUF3I6E/TyaOJJXRufI/AAAAAAAADLI/jzQw5jxL9RM/s400/shermobr11b.jpg" width="390" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XpPcUi4td2E/TyaOPpmD0PI/AAAAAAAADLQ/Q2PFmPYUr8Y/s1600/shermobr12b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="350" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XpPcUi4td2E/TyaOPpmD0PI/AAAAAAAADLQ/Q2PFmPYUr8Y/s400/shermobr12b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Sources:&lt;br /&gt;Calvde Foucher&lt;br /&gt;Revista “&lt;i&gt;Mil&lt;/i&gt;” Nº 15/1991&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-7512746472693284932?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/7512746472693284932/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/recuperacion-en-normandia.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7512746472693284932'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7512746472693284932'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/recuperacion-en-normandia.html' title='Recuperación en Normandia'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wn_pcPxIcOg/TyaNDOGy_iI/AAAAAAAADJw/iPLxyNFvDUY/s72-c/shermobr1b.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-4848464912056084820</id><published>2012-01-27T09:28:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-27T09:28:19.625+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Aliados'/><title type='text'>Identificaciones tácticas de los carros franceses</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;Identificaciones tácticas de los carros franceses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WGv0umYMXaA/TyJcmnXgCpI/AAAAAAAADI4/K_59ZADfHTU/s1600/french1938.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="275" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WGv0umYMXaA/TyJcmnXgCpI/AAAAAAAADI4/K_59ZADfHTU/s400/french1938.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Las unidades francesas de carros de combate procedían de dos armas diferentes: los &lt;i&gt;Chars de Combat&lt;/i&gt;, la fuerza original del Ejército equipada con carros de combate de infantería, y de regimientos de la antigua caballería montada tradicional. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Los carros franceses eran superiores a los modelos de PzKpfw I y PzKpfw II alemanes que nutrían sus divisiones acorazadas, con un blindaje más grueso y cañones de mayor calibre. Sin embargo el principal problema de los medios acorzados franceses era la escasa velocidad de sus vehículos, a lo que había que añadir sus poco efectivas torretas de un solo tripulante que reducía mucho su capacidad combativa. Salvando algunas unidades independientes el grueso de carros de combate se incrustaban en las unidades de infantería a las que tenían que apoyar siguiendo la táctica francesa de la época. Uno de estos modelos fue el Renault R35/40 de los que se llegaron a fabricar 1.650 vehículos para tal fin.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-e_x44fdJE0w/TyJcCg9A1KI/AAAAAAAADIY/sY59f6Ymt_0/s1600/frenchqu5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="220" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-e_x44fdJE0w/TyJcCg9A1KI/AAAAAAAADIY/sY59f6Ymt_0/s400/frenchqu5.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;En 1940 los carros de combate franceses portaban símbolos tácticos identificativos propios de la Artillería Especial de la Primera Guerra Mundial. Este sistema se basaba en una figura geométrica que identificaba a la compañía (un círculo para la primera, un cuadrado para la segunda y un triángulo para la tercera). En su interior se encontraba un as de picas para la primera sección, el as de corazones para la segunda, el as de rombos para la tercera y el as de tréboles que correspondía con la cuarta sección. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Al igual que los alemanes en los primeros compases de la guerra los vehículos franceses también usaron gallardetes y banderines para la identificación de los carros de combate. Estos eran utilizados por el comandante de compañía, comandante de pelotón y para otras utilidades más.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HRN832wvJ_c/TyJcOwsjiqI/AAAAAAAADIg/xcRRNhdGO7w/s1600/P%C3%A1ginas+de+Historica+51+Sedan+1940+Guderian+et+ses+panzers+percent+a+Sedan-4_P%C3%A1gina_1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="230" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HRN832wvJ_c/TyJcOwsjiqI/AAAAAAAADIg/xcRRNhdGO7w/s400/P%C3%A1ginas+de+Historica+51+Sedan+1940+Guderian+et+ses+panzers+percent+a+Sedan-4_P%C3%A1gina_1.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3XeOy3x-YJI/TyJffP2JIII/AAAAAAAADJY/PT71dzhkQfM/s1600/22365+18e+rd+01+photo+ecpa.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="326" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3XeOy3x-YJI/TyJffP2JIII/AAAAAAAADJY/PT71dzhkQfM/s400/22365+18e+rd+01+photo+ecpa.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6vha5K6HOts/TyJcc0aGdnI/AAAAAAAADIw/zaysNPXMNhU/s1600/P%C3%A1ginas+de+Historica+51+Sedan+1940+Guderian+et+ses+panzers+percent+a+Sedan-4_P%C3%A1gina_2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="246" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6vha5K6HOts/TyJcc0aGdnI/AAAAAAAADIw/zaysNPXMNhU/s400/P%C3%A1ginas+de+Historica+51+Sedan+1940+Guderian+et+ses+panzers+percent+a+Sedan-4_P%C3%A1gina_2.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fuentes:&lt;br /&gt;SUMMER, I. “&lt;i&gt;The French Army 1939-1945&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1999&lt;br /&gt;BUFFETAUT, Y. “&lt;i&gt;Guderian perce a Sedan&lt;/i&gt;” Hors-Serie nº4, 1992&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;French units of tanks came from two different weapons: the &lt;i&gt;Chars de Combat&lt;/i&gt;, the original force of Army tanks equipped with infantry and cavalry regiments of the old traditional mounted.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The French tanks were superior to models of PzKpfw I and PzKpfw II German armored divisions that nourished her with thicker armor and guns of greater caliber. However, the main problem acorzados French media was the low speed of their vehicles, you had to add your turrets ineffective one crew member who greatly reduced their combat effectiveness. Despite some independent units of the bulk tanks were embedded in infantry units which had to support following the French tactic of the day. One such model was the Renault R35/40 of those who came to build 1650 vehicles for this purpose.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1940 the French tanks were carrying tactical or identifying symbol of the Special Artillery WWI. This system was based on a geometric figure that identified the company (for the first circle, a square for the second and a triangle to the third). Inside was an ace of spades for the first section, the ace of hearts for the second, the ace of diamonds for the third and the ace of clubs that corresponded with the fourth section.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Like the Germans in the early stages of the war the French vehicles pennants and flags also used for the identification of the tanks. These were used by the company commander, platoon commander and other utilities.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AbdfedA0LPg/TyJcXhW6nEI/AAAAAAAADIo/6u1Gy8uqERI/s1600/94923028.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="232" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AbdfedA0LPg/TyJcXhW6nEI/AAAAAAAADIo/6u1Gy8uqERI/s400/94923028.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-rj9YEs-wOJE/TyJetXfQxhI/AAAAAAAADJA/2AKW1JTliVA/s1600/22334+-pique-+01.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="262" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-rj9YEs-wOJE/TyJetXfQxhI/AAAAAAAADJA/2AKW1JTliVA/s400/22334+-pique-+01.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-D7m_y9M8nAw/TyJfBKAgXbI/AAAAAAAADJQ/t6GyL7FPuNw/s1600/22343+-coeur-+01.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="281" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-D7m_y9M8nAw/TyJfBKAgXbI/AAAAAAAADJQ/t6GyL7FPuNw/s400/22343+-coeur-+01.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-8V7DeNp_eLA/TyJf8vka7QI/AAAAAAAADJg/-Z71Vttn9nc/s1600/22374+13e+rd+05.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="315" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-8V7DeNp_eLA/TyJf8vka7QI/AAAAAAAADJg/-Z71Vttn9nc/s400/22374+13e+rd+05.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sources:&lt;br /&gt;SUMMER, I. “&lt;i&gt;The French Army 1939-1945&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1999&lt;br /&gt;BUFFETAUT, Y. “&lt;i&gt;Guderian perce a Sedan&lt;/i&gt;” Hors-Serie nº4, 1992&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-4848464912056084820?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/4848464912056084820/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/identificaciones-tacticas-de-los-carros.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/4848464912056084820'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/4848464912056084820'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/identificaciones-tacticas-de-los-carros.html' title='Identificaciones tácticas de los carros franceses'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WGv0umYMXaA/TyJcmnXgCpI/AAAAAAAADI4/K_59ZADfHTU/s72-c/french1938.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-4482506131692422199</id><published>2012-01-26T09:02:00.002+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-26T09:11:33.156+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Panzerwaffe'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Historia/Curiosidades'/><title type='text'>Relatos de guerra: Panther en acción</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;Relatos de guerra: Panther en acción.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uPeBXQ1DP1s/TyEF4Z9z67I/AAAAAAAADHY/4dMngaBjn4w/s1600/430_panther.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="276" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uPeBXQ1DP1s/TyEF4Z9z67I/AAAAAAAADHY/4dMngaBjn4w/s400/430_panther.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Tras la &lt;a href="http://www.casadellibro.com/libro-la-batalla-de-kursk-los-medios-acorazados-alemanes/9788496170223/1051644"&gt;batalla de Kursk&lt;/a&gt; la Wehrmacht pasó a un estado totalmente defensivo realizando sólo contraataques locales que intentaban cortar las penetraciones soviéticas. En este sentido la Panzerwaffe y la Sturmartillerie desarrollaron nuevas tácticas que pronto se convirtieron en algo habitual en el Frente Oriental. A pesar de que sus enemigos habían ganado mucho en experiencia los alemanes aún estaban por delante en táctica y no dudaban en aprovechar la torpeza soviética. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/09/el-panther.html"&gt;Panther&lt;/a&gt; fue la respuesta alemana a la superioridad en el binomio blindaje-cañón por parte soviética. Durante la batalla de Kursk el Panther no tuvo un brillante debut debido en gran parte a los problemas inherentes a cualquier nuevo diseño ya que fue introducido precipitadamente. A pesar de todo a nadie se le escapaba que estaban frente a uno de los mejores carro medio de la contienda. Su anguloso blindaje frontal y su potente cañón de alta velocidad le garantizaban supervivencia y depredación en el campo de batalla que se acentuaban cuando actuaba bajo tripulaciones experimentadas. No obstante en la batalla de Kursk el XXXXVIII Panzerkorps destruyó o capturó 559 carros de combate enemigos, de los cuales 269 fueron destruidos por los Panther.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En este sentido encontramos el relato de la tripulación de un Panther del I./PzRegt.35 de la 4º Panzerdivision en septiembre de 1944 cuando realizó un contraataque cerca de Riga para retomar una elevación. “&lt;i&gt;La cota 920 se encuentra firmemente en nuestras manos. Entre los carros de combate que han participado en la toma está el mandado por el sargento Christ, con Rehard tirador, Mehling cargador, Gietl conductor y Faustmann radio operador. El Panther estaba dando problemas desde hacía algún tiempo, por lo que Christ obtuvo permiso para retirarse bajo la cuesta para examinar con más detenimiento los daños en su vehículo. El conductor diagnosticó pérdida de aceite y comentó que la dirección estaba defectuosa; el carro no está en condiciones de combatir y tendrá que visitar los talleres para someterse a grandes reparaciones.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TaIjBYfZ6TE/TyEG-ztJDZI/AAAAAAAADHg/yl8gCIpzQRk/s1600/t34_06.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="272" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TaIjBYfZ6TE/TyEG-ztJDZI/AAAAAAAADHg/yl8gCIpzQRk/s400/t34_06.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;i&gt;El jefe del carro informa de la situación y comienza una larga espera. Mientras tanto sobrevuelan cazas y&amp;nbsp; bombarderos la zona haciendo estallar sus bombas por todas partes. La tripulación ya está acostumbrada a ello y permanecen en el interior de su vehículo. Sólo Christ observa. De repente oye ruido de carros de combate enemigos a su derecha. El asunto empieza a captar su interés, porque aunque no puede ver a través del lejano cinturón de árboles, de una cosa está seguro: sea lo que sea lo que está allí solo puede ser Iván. Bajó del Panther y se dirigió hacia los Grenadier a paso vivo. Le cuentan que han estado observando durante un rato a un T-43&amp;nbsp; soviético en el bosque de enfrente. Con mucho cuidado Christ se arrastró por la densa maleza hasta que tuvo línea de visión hacia el enemigo pudiendo ver dos T-43 cobijados bajo los árboles, justo en la linde del bosque. Rápidamente avisó a Rehard y le mostró el&amp;nbsp; blanco mientras que su renqueante Panther maniobraba para ponerse en posición para un ataque. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Una vez en posición el cañón de 75 mm del Panther abrió fuego sobre el primer T-43, al segundo disparo su tripulación lo abandona aunque no arde. Ahora el segundo T-43 centra toda la atención del tirador alemán e instantes después sale ardiendo. En ese momento Christ observa los fogonazos de otros dos carros de combate soviéticos. Sus disparos, sin embargo, se dirigen hacia otra posición. Rehard hace girar la torreta de izquierda a derecha adquiriendo los nuevos blancos. Dos certeros disparos bastan para destruir ambos carros que se convierten en humeantes hogueras. Parece que ambos carros solo eran una avanzada y el Panther retrocede para salir de su expuesta posición. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Christ observa de nuevo con sus prismáticos y ve como otros dos T-43 se acercan por detrás del primer carro atacado. Sus cañones les están apuntando. Ahora los soviéticos saben dónde está su enemigo y las cosas empiezan a ponerse feas. Una vez más el Panther que debía de estar en los talleres se pone en movimiento de nuevo para tener una mejor posición de disparo. Rehard adquiere el nuevo blanco y lo alcanza al primer disparo, el hombre es un auténtico demonio como tirador. El carro alcanzado vuela por los aires esparciendo sus restos por el campo de batalla. ¡A la porra el número cinco!. En esos momentos el primer T-43 alcanzado trata de escapar, pero también es alcanzado convirtiéndose en una antorcha.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-i0GCntdRfx0/TyEHwsiINUI/AAAAAAAADIA/l0ugEXvHLo0/s1600/381065_239210909478564_100001689708291_689408_1021402456_n.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="285" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-i0GCntdRfx0/TyEHwsiINUI/AAAAAAAADIA/l0ugEXvHLo0/s400/381065_239210909478564_100001689708291_689408_1021402456_n.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;No queda munición. Dos hombres de la tripulación corren hasta un camión cercano y empiezan a traer más munición al Panther. Christ no puede creer lo que ven sus ojos; dos carros más han aparecido y están disparando desde una posición a la derecha de sus ardientes camaradas. Desgraciadamente se tiene que quedar de brazos cruzados hasta que llegue la dichosa munición. El mal rato no dura mucho y pronto el número seis salta en llamas al ser alcanzado. La munición vuelve a faltar cuando otro T-43 hace acto de presencia, pero los dos tripulantes ya están de regreso con nuevos proyectiles. El carro soviético es alcanzado en cuanto asoma la nariz al descubierto. El número siete se incendia al primer disparo. Los soviéticos evitan ese rincón maldito marchándose con el ruido a otra parte. Los Panzergrenadier vuelve a suspirar por la providencial presencia del Panther. Ya con la creciente oscuridad de la noche Christ y su Panther son remolcados a los talleres con 7 carros de combate enemigos destruidos en la acción&lt;/i&gt;.”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Fuente:&lt;br /&gt;“&lt;i&gt;So Lebtem Und So Starben Sie, publicado por Kameradschaft ehem. Panzer Regiment 35&lt;/i&gt;”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;Englsih version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;After the &lt;a href="http://www.casadellibro.com/libro-la-batalla-de-kursk-los-medios-acorazados-alemanes/9788496170223/1051644"&gt;battle of Kursk&lt;/a&gt; the Wehrmacht became a totally defensive conducting local counterattacks only trying to cut the Soviet penetrations. In this sense Sturmartillerie Panzerwaffe and developed new tactics soon became commonplace on the Eastern Front. Although his enemies had gained much in experience the Germans were still ahead on tactics and did not hesitate to seize the Soviet clumsiness.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/09/el-panther.html"&gt;Panther&lt;/a&gt; was the German response to the dual armor superiority of Soviet-cannon. During the Battle of Kursk Panther was not a brilliant debut due in large part to the problems inherent in any new design since it was introduced hastily. Yet no one escaped who were facing one of the best half of the race car. Its angled front armor and powerful high-velocity gun he was guaranteed survival and predation in the field of battle that were accentuated when operated under experienced crews. However, in the battle of Kursk destroyed or captured Panzerkorps XXXXVIII 559 enemy tanks, of which 269 were destroyed by the Panther.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-iaX5nDzaaQc/TyEH9Z-q5XI/AAAAAAAADII/9KqO17ghXvQ/s1600/385984_239212506145071_100001689708291_689436_1382683552_n.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="260" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-iaX5nDzaaQc/TyEH9Z-q5XI/AAAAAAAADII/9KqO17ghXvQ/s400/385984_239212506145071_100001689708291_689436_1382683552_n.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In this sense we find the story of the crew of a Panther I./PzRegt.35 of the 4th Panzer Division in September 1944 when he made a counterattack to retake Riga near a lift. “&lt;i&gt;The dimension 920 is firmly in our hands. Among the tanks that have participated in the making is the sergeant commanded by Christ, with Rehard shooter, Mehling charger, Gietl Faustmann driver and radio operator. The Panther was causing problems for some time, so Christ was allowed to retire under the hill to look more closely at the damage to your vehicle. The driver diagnosed with oil loss and said that management was faulty, the car is not fit to fight and will have to visit the workshops to undergo major repairs.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The head of the car reported the situation and begins a long wait. While both fighters and bombers fly over the area by exploding their bombs everywhere. The crew is already used to it and stay inside your vehicle. Only Christ observes. Suddenly he hears the sound of enemy tanks on the right. The issue begins to capture their interest, because although you can not see through the distant belt of trees, one thing is certain: whatever it is that is there can only be Ivan. He got off the Panther and headed for the Grenadier briskly. We have to have been watching for a while a Soviet T-43 in the woods opposite. Christ carefully crawled through the dense undergrowth until he had line of sight to the enemy can see two T-43 sheltered under the trees, right on the edge of the forest. Rehard alerted quickly and showed him the target while his ailing Panther maneuvering to get in position for an attack.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Once in position 75 mm cannon opened fire on the Panther's first T-43, the second shot leaves his crew but not burn. Now the second T-43 focuses all the attention of German shooter and moments later goes on fire. At that time Christ observed the flashes of two Soviet tanks. His shot, however, are directed to another position. Rehard turret rotates from left to right buying the new targets. Two shots accurate enough to destroy both cars that turn into smoldering fires. It appears that both cars were only advanced and the Panther back out of its exposed position.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JRtT0sERr9Q/TyEIPUqsUfI/AAAAAAAADIQ/T-JoKwrGNaY/s1600/sddvvd.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="202" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JRtT0sERr9Q/TyEIPUqsUfI/AAAAAAAADIQ/T-JoKwrGNaY/s400/sddvvd.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Christ look back through his binoculars and sees two T-43 approaching from behind the first car hit. Them are pointing their guns. Now the Soviets know where your enemy and things start to get ugly. Again, the Panther he must be in the workshops is set in motion again to get a better firing position. Rehard becomes the new target and reaches the first shot, the man is a true devil as a shooter. The car reached blows up scattering her remains in the field of battle. The club number five!. At that time the first T-43 reached tries to escape, but it is also becoming a torch reached.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is not ammunition. Two crewmen run to a nearby truck and start to bring more ammunition to Panther. Christ can not believe their eyes, two more cars have appeared and are firing from one position to the right of their burning comrades. Unfortunately you have to stand idly by until you get the damn ammo. The bad times do not last long and soon the number six burst into flames after being hit. Ammunition missing again when another T-43 makes an appearance, but the two crew members are back with new missiles. The Soviet car is hit in the nose pokes revealed. The number seven is on fire the first shot. The Soviets avoid that damn corner walking away with the noise elsewhere. The Panzergrenadier sighs again for the providential presence of Panther. Now with the growing darkness of the night Christ and Panther are towed to workshops with 7 enemy tanks destroyed in the action&lt;/i&gt;.”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-j0aBpeTz7BQ/TyEHmJ2bbrI/AAAAAAAADH4/GQxrJlb4d-8/s1600/316687_239212056145116_100001689708291_689428_757902506_n.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="258" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-j0aBpeTz7BQ/TyEHmJ2bbrI/AAAAAAAADH4/GQxrJlb4d-8/s400/316687_239212056145116_100001689708291_689428_757902506_n.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Source:&lt;br /&gt;“&lt;i&gt;So Lebtem Und So Starben Sie, publicado por Kameradschaft ehem. Panzer Regiment 35&lt;/i&gt;”.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-4482506131692422199?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/4482506131692422199/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/relatos-de-guerra-panther-en-accion.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/4482506131692422199'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/4482506131692422199'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/relatos-de-guerra-panther-en-accion.html' title='Relatos de guerra: Panther en acción'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uPeBXQ1DP1s/TyEF4Z9z67I/AAAAAAAADHY/4dMngaBjn4w/s72-c/430_panther.JPG' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-7343172971639568311</id><published>2012-01-25T09:22:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-25T09:22:55.392+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Aeródromos de la IIGM'/><title type='text'>Aeródromos de la IIGM: Hardwick</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Aeródromo de Hardwick (Inglaterra)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VBUVwrrIbdI/Tx-7C7WizGI/AAAAAAAADGw/ptrxtHAoGho/s1600/ac_297607xr_h.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="287" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VBUVwrrIbdI/Tx-7C7WizGI/AAAAAAAADGw/ptrxtHAoGho/s400/ac_297607xr_h.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Está situado a ocho kilómetros de Bungay, en Norfolk y a una distancia equivalente de la A140. Fue uno de las primeras bases de bombarderos pesados de la RAF en 1941-42 siendo construido por John Laing &amp;amp; Son Ltd. Para su construcción fueron necesarios 6 km de desagües de superficie, 19 de drenajes, 19 de carretera, 8 de alcantarillado y 7 para el suministro de agua. Además, se emplearon 4.750.000 ladrillos para sus instalaciones fijas. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Al igual que otros campos destinados para los bombarderos disponía de tres hangares T-2 agrupados entrono a los edificios administrativos, situados al este del campo de aviación. Los hangares y el edificio de mantenimiento se encontraban junto al camino rural que va desde Hempnall a Alburgh.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Bajo el control de la USAF, desde el 7 de noviembre de 1943, recibió el nombre de Station 104, nombre que mantendría hasta el 12 de junio de 1945. Sirvió como cuartel general del 20th Combat Bombardment Wing de la 2d Bomb Division. En él también se basaron el 310th Bombardment Group (Medium) equipados con B-25 y el 93rd Bombardment Group (Heavy) con los siguientes escuadrones; 328th Bomb Squadron (GO) 329th Bomb Squadron (RE) 330th Bomb Squadron (AG) y 409th Bomb Squadron (YM). La unidad utilizó B-24 Liberator en sus misiones, siendo la primera de ellas realizada el 9 de octubre de 1942.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El 25 de junio de 1945 Hardwick regresó a manos de la RAF pero se puso en estado de reserva bajo mantenimiento hasta su cierre en 1962.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Sv0uRpSQhx8/Tx-7KylQT9I/AAAAAAAADG4/umrSnLCWbT4/s1600/hardwickairfield16apr46.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Sv0uRpSQhx8/Tx-7KylQT9I/AAAAAAAADG4/umrSnLCWbT4/s400/hardwickairfield16apr46.jpg" width="273" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Con el cierre por parte del Ejército, muchas de sus instalaciones fueron demolidas, edificios del aeródromo principal, hangares, torre de control, etc,. Sin embargo, otras edificaciones más dispersas del aeródromo se mantienen y son usado para uso agrícola. Las pistas de aterrizaje también se desmotaron casi en su totalidad excepto la principal que queda prácticamente entera. En 1987 se erigió una placa conmemorativa para los veteranos en una de sus reuniones, está situada en una pequeña pacerla cerca de los antiguos barracones. También podemos encontrar un pequeño museo privado con objetos de la 8º AF y el 93º BG.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;La compañía Mindacre Ltd. utiliza sus instalaciones como aeropuerto para sus seis A188 Cessna para fumigar cultivos.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;FREEMAN, R. “&lt;i&gt;UK Airfields of the Ninth: Then and Now 1994&lt;/i&gt;” After the battle, 1994&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;FREEMAN, R. “&lt;i&gt;The Ninth Air Force in Colour: UK and the Continent-World War Two&lt;/i&gt;” 1996&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;MAURER, M. “&lt;i&gt;Air Force Combat Units Of World War II&lt;/i&gt;” Maxwell AFB, 1983&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;It is located eight kilometers from Bungay, in Norfolk and at a distance equivalent to the A140. He was one of the first bases of RAF heavy bombers in 1941-42 being built by John Laing &amp;amp; Son Ltd. in its construction took 6 km of surface drains, 19 drains, 19 highway, sewer and 7 8 for water supply. In addition, 4,750,000 bricks were used for their fixtures.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-o2Kw6RUJE9Y/Tx-7U43QmoI/AAAAAAAADHA/NoGBbMmnpp8/s1600/93bg-alc-1942.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="252" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-o2Kw6RUJE9Y/Tx-7U43QmoI/AAAAAAAADHA/NoGBbMmnpp8/s400/93bg-alc-1942.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;93d Bomb Group Consolidated B-24D-1-CO Liberator Serial 41-23711. This aircraft was lost over Austria 1 October 1943. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Like other areas intended for the bombers had three T-2 hangars grouped surroundings administrative buildings located east of the airfield. The hangars and maintenance building were near the country road that runs from Hempnall to Alburgh.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Under the control of the USAF, from November 7, 1943, was named Station 104, name remain until June 12, 1945. It served as headquarters of the 20th Combat Bombardment Wing of the 2d Bomb Division. It also drew the 310th Bombardment Group (Medium) equipped with B-25 Bombardment Group and the 93rd (Heavy) with the following squadrons, 328th Bomb Squadron (GO) 329th Bomb Squadron (RE) 330th Bomb Squadron (AG) and 409th Bomb Squadron (YM). The unit used B-24 Liberator in their missions, the first of them on October 9, 1942.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On June 25, 1945 Hardwick returned to the hands of the RAF but was put in reserve status under maintenance until its closure in 1962.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_HOBngX-KMk/Tx-7erKNqzI/AAAAAAAADHI/FteUE79nU14/s1600/93bg-b24.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="333" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_HOBngX-KMk/Tx-7erKNqzI/AAAAAAAADHI/FteUE79nU14/s400/93bg-b24.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;328th Bomb Squadron Consolidated B-24J-55-CO Liberator Serial 42-99949 on a mission to Friedrichshafen Germany during August 1944. This aircraft was lost over Belgium on 21 September 1944, &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;With the closure by the Army, many of its facilities were demolished, the main airport buildings, hangars, control tower, etc.. However, other more dispersed airfield buildings remain and are used for agricultural use. The runways also ginning almost entirely except for the primary is virtually complete. In 1987 a plaque was erected for veterans in one of their meetings, is located in a small pacerla near the old barracks. You can also find a small private museum with objects from the 8 th and 93 th AF BG.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The company uses its facilities Mindacre Ltd. as an airport for its six A188 Cessna to spray crops.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wHVGh7uBEmE/Tx-7smk9-bI/AAAAAAAADHQ/I1whHI5FpEI/s1600/00dibujyyo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="262" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wHVGh7uBEmE/Tx-7smk9-bI/AAAAAAAADHQ/I1whHI5FpEI/s400/00dibujyyo.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Sources:&lt;br /&gt;FREEMAN, R. “&lt;i&gt;UK Airfields of the Ninth: Then and Now 1994&lt;/i&gt;” After the battle, 1994&lt;br /&gt;FREEMAN, R. “&lt;i&gt;The Ninth Air Force in Colour: UK and the Continent-World War Two&lt;/i&gt;” 1996&lt;br /&gt;MAURER, M. “&lt;i&gt;Air Force Combat Units Of World War II&lt;/i&gt;” Maxwell AFB, 1983&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-7343172971639568311?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/7343172971639568311/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/aerodromos-de-la-iigm-hardwick.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7343172971639568311'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7343172971639568311'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/aerodromos-de-la-iigm-hardwick.html' title='Aeródromos de la IIGM: Hardwick'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VBUVwrrIbdI/Tx-7C7WizGI/AAAAAAAADGw/ptrxtHAoGho/s72-c/ac_297607xr_h.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-3456200585879596830</id><published>2012-01-24T09:54:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-24T09:54:49.286+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Guerra Submarina'/><title type='text'>U-853, el último U-Boot</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;El último U-Boot&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-lt0Xxn93eSw/Tx5wQc_4UXI/AAAAAAAADF4/s9UIfUupwDM/s1600/u853surface.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-lt0Xxn93eSw/Tx5wQc_4UXI/AAAAAAAADF4/s9UIfUupwDM/s400/u853surface.jpg" width="395" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El U-853 era un U-Boot del Tipo IXc/40 que emprendió su primera patrulla el 11 de abril de 1944 zarpando de Kiel y regresando tres días más tarde sin contratiempos a su base. Sus dos siguientes patrullas fueron de tránsito cerrando la tercera patrulla el 26 de abril de 1944 en Bergen. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El 29 de abril volvió a partir hacia el Atlántico norte dónde operaria como U-Boot meteorológico. El 25 de mayo fue atacado con cohetes por tres aviones Swordfish que habían despegado del portaaviones HMS. &lt;i&gt;Ancylus &lt;/i&gt;y HMS. &lt;i&gt;Empire Mackendrick&lt;/i&gt; pero el ataque no fue efectivo y el U-853 escapó sin daño alguno. No ocurrió lo mismo con los atacantes pues uno de los aparatos fue alcanzado por el fuego antiaéreo alemán y, aunque logró llegar a su portaaviones, tuvo que ser dado de baja debido a los daños sufridos. El 17 de junio volvió a ser atacado desde el aire, esta vez por dos Wildcat procedentes del portaaviones USS &lt;i&gt;Croatan&lt;/i&gt;. En el ataque murieron dos de los tripulantes del U-Boot y otros 12 más resultarían heridos, entre ellos el propio comandante. El IWO (OL.Frömsdorf) tomó el mando de forma provisional y a pesar de encontrarse a tan solo 30 millas del portaaviones logró sumergirse y escapar antes de que llegasen a la zona más aparatos aliados. Con el U-Boot convertido en un submarino hospital inició su viaje de regreso a casa llegando a Lorient el 4 de julio de 1944.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-dJWprFn4VWI/Tx5wwhj72RI/AAAAAAAADGI/Fll4hDOHV_I/s1600/u853attacked1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="290" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-dJWprFn4VWI/Tx5wwhj72RI/AAAAAAAADGI/Fll4hDOHV_I/s400/u853attacked1.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;U-853 bajo ataque&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Tras más de un mes de reparaciones volvió a zarpar el 27 de agosto rumbo a Alemania bajo el mando del KK.Günter Kuhnke, comandante en jefe de la 10 U-Flottille en &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises.html"&gt;Lorient&lt;/a&gt;. También transportaba a 7 técnicos que fueron evacuados de Lorient ante el avance aliado. El 14 de octubre alcanzó la base de Flensburg. La sexta y séptima patrulla fue de tránsito de Kiel a Horten y de aquí a Stavanger dónde llegó el 17 de febrero de 1945.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El 23 de febrero partió de Stavanger con rumbo a aguas norteamericanas dónde hundiría a la patrullera USS &lt;i&gt;Eagle &lt;/i&gt;el 23 de abril, a la altura de Portland. Es muy probable que el U-853 no recibiese la orden de rendición emitida por Dönitz el 4 de mayo y siguió operando. Poco después fue avistado por un buque y en menos de dos horas llegó a la zona la fragata USS &lt;i&gt;Moberly &lt;/i&gt;a la que sumarían dos buques de guerra más. El destructor USS &lt;i&gt;Atherton &lt;/i&gt;contactó con el desafortunado U-853 a 5 millas al este de Grove Point (Block Island) e inició el ataque inmediatamente con cargas de profundidad y erizos pero terminó por perder el contacto con el U-Boot. Este se había posado en el fondo buscando su oportunidad para escapar de la trampa sin embargo tres horas más tarde el destructor volvió a hacer contacto y emprendió un nuevo ataque que acabaron destruyendo al U-853. En superficie, sin embargo, no había evidencias de la destrucción y el ataque se prolongó durante toda la noche del día 5 y la mañana del día siguiente hasta que al mediodía apareció la gorra del capitán flotando en el agua junto a la mesa del navegante. Ninguno de sus 56 tripulantes logró sobrevivir al ataque. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El U-853 se convirtió en el último U-Boot que logró una victoria en aguas de EE.UU. y también en el último en ser hundido en esas mismas aguas, todo ello tras el fin oficial de la guerra.&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hrWSf5FfDxA/Tx5w4PbpMWI/AAAAAAAADGQ/Msda7_I_OsE/s1600/u853con01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hrWSf5FfDxA/Tx5w4PbpMWI/AAAAAAAADGQ/Msda7_I_OsE/s400/u853con01.jpg" width="341" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-va0Kq7pG-UU/Tx5w8rOsFfI/AAAAAAAADGY/2cxTEKrdl2Y/s1600/u853hatch.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="257" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-va0Kq7pG-UU/Tx5w8rOsFfI/AAAAAAAADGY/2cxTEKrdl2Y/s400/u853hatch.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;br /&gt;NIESTLE, A. “&lt;i&gt;German U-Boot losses during World War II&lt;/i&gt; ” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;br /&gt;BLAIR, C. “&lt;i&gt;Hitler´s U-Boat war&lt;/i&gt;” Random House, 1998&lt;br /&gt;WYNN, K. “&lt;i&gt;U-Boat operations of the Second World War&lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The U-853 was a Type U-Boot IXc/40 which launched its first patrol on April 11, 1944 sailing from Kiel and returning three days later safely to its base. Its next two patrols were closing the third traffic patrol on April 26, 1944 in Bergen.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On 29 April he departed for the North Atlantic where U-boat operator and weather. On May 25, was attacked with rockets by Swordfish three aircraft that had taken off from aircraft carrier HMS. &lt;i&gt;Ancylus &lt;/i&gt;and HMS. &lt;i&gt;Mackendrick&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Empire &lt;/i&gt;but the attack was not effective and the U-853 escaped unharmed. Not so with the attackers as one of the aircraft was hit by German flak but managed to get to your carrier, had to be dropped due to the damage suffered. On June 17 came to be attacked from the air, this time for two Wildcat from the USS &lt;i&gt;Croatan&lt;/i&gt;. The attack killed two of the crew of U-Boot and 12 more would be wounded, including the commandant. The IWO (OL.Frömsdorf) took command of an interim and despite being only 30 miles from the carrier was able to submerge and escape before they reached the most devices allies. With the U-Boot hospital become a submarine began its journey home arriving at Lorient on July 4, 1944.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dVlOlae1P2c/Tx5wk6YzMzI/AAAAAAAADGA/jncdbudQ5kU/s1600/U-853-crew.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="262" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dVlOlae1P2c/Tx5wk6YzMzI/AAAAAAAADGA/jncdbudQ5kU/s400/U-853-crew.gif" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;After more than a month of repairs to sail again on August 27, bound for Germany under the command of KK.Günter Kuhnke, commander of the 10th U-Flottille in &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises.html"&gt;Lorient&lt;/a&gt;. Also carrying 7 technicians who were evacuated from Lorient to the Allied advance. On October 14, reached the base of Flensburg. The sixth and seventh patrol was in transit from Kiel to Horten and from there to Stavanger where he arrived on February 17, 1945.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On February 23 came from Stavanger bound for U.S. waters where patrol plunge the USS &lt;i&gt;Eagle &lt;/i&gt;on April 23, at the height of Portland. It is very likely that the U-853 has not received the order to surrender issued by Doenitz on 4 May and continued to operate. Shortly after he was spotted by a ship in less than two hours reached the frigate USS Moberly area which would add two more warships. The destroyer USS &lt;i&gt;Atherton &lt;/i&gt;contacted the unfortunate U-853 about 5 miles east of Grove Point (Block Island) and immediately began the attack with depth charges and hedgehogs but ended up losing contact with the U-Boot. This had settled on the bottom looking for their chance to escape the trap but three hours later the destroyer again made contact and began a new attack that ended up destroying the U-853. On the surface, however, there was no evidence of destruction and the attack lasted throughout the night of 5 and the next morning until noon came the captain's cap floating in the water next to the navigator's table. None of the 56 crew members survived the attack.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The U-853 became the last U-boat which won a victory in U.S. waters and also the last to be sunk in the same waters, all this after the official end of the war.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7TnelKucfbw/Tx5xD5_pA5I/AAAAAAAADGg/jyvANt7V-10/s1600/u853attacked2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="292" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7TnelKucfbw/Tx5xD5_pA5I/AAAAAAAADGg/jyvANt7V-10/s400/u853attacked2.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-LJUKCmTqDbA/Tx5xTiA08-I/AAAAAAAADGo/ZgivOIgy_XY/s1600/u853-contower-lee80.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="258" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-LJUKCmTqDbA/Tx5xTiA08-I/AAAAAAAADGo/ZgivOIgy_XY/s400/u853-contower-lee80.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Sources:&lt;br /&gt;NIESTLE, A. “&lt;i&gt;German U-Boot losses during World War II&lt;/i&gt; ” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;br /&gt;BLAIR, C. “&lt;i&gt;Hitler´s U-Boat war&lt;/i&gt;” Random House, 1998&lt;br /&gt;WYNN, K. “&lt;i&gt;U-Boat operations of the Second World War&lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-3456200585879596830?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/3456200585879596830/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/u-853-el-ultimo-u-boot.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3456200585879596830'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3456200585879596830'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/u-853-el-ultimo-u-boot.html' title='U-853, el último U-Boot'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-lt0Xxn93eSw/Tx5wQc_4UXI/AAAAAAAADF4/s9UIfUupwDM/s72-c/u853surface.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-4461127085619336692</id><published>2012-01-23T09:19:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-23T09:26:01.834+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Panzerwaffe'/><title type='text'>Paznerjäger I</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Panzerjäger I 4,7cm PaK(t) auf PzKpfw I Ausf B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-10a52nm-Ba8/Tx0XEKN_u8I/AAAAAAAADFI/dGnpnQ-mfsQ/s1600/pzjajger288.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="285" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-10a52nm-Ba8/Tx0XEKN_u8I/AAAAAAAADFI/dGnpnQ-mfsQ/s400/pzjajger288.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Las experiencias de combate en los campos de batalla franceses dieron como resultado la desesperada necesidad de un carro capaz de poner fuera de combate a los utilizados por los aliados. Tanto el PzKpfw III como el IV (aunque este armado con el obús L/24 de 75 mm) estaban mal armados para ese cometido, la misión recaería sobre otro tipo de vehículos desarrollados con un único cometido: cazar los carros de combate enemigos. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Estos&amp;nbsp; cazacarros (&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/01/cazacarros-marder.html"&gt;panzerjäger&lt;/a&gt;) de primera generación tenían todos un mismo patrón básico un cañón montado sobre un bastidor, con superestructura fija y abierto por arriba. Sin embargo sólo era una solución de compromiso a la espera de la construcción de vehículos especialmente diseñados para este cometido. En julio de 1941 había 132 vehículos de este modelo en las unidades alemanas, pero en total se fabricaron 334&amp;nbsp; Panzerjäger I por Daimler-Benz y Skoda.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cVQ3yxAadV8/Tx0WCcGoGdI/AAAAAAAADFA/Q9rqh0Gu6Pg/s1600/PzJ1a.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="155" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cVQ3yxAadV8/Tx0WCcGoGdI/AAAAAAAADFA/Q9rqh0Gu6Pg/s400/PzJ1a.PNG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El panzerjäger I estaba basado en el bastidor del PzKpfw I Ausf B, al que se le había suprimido la torre original. En su lugar se había levantado un escudo blindado protegiendo de tres lados y abierto por arriba. El arma escogida fue el &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/canon-anticarro-checo-skoda.html"&gt;cañón checo L/43 de 47 mm&lt;/a&gt; que proporcionaba buenos resultados en tiro contra blancos protegidos. El cañón podía elevarse +12º y obtener una depresión máxima de -8º. El conjunto alcanzaba un peso de 8 ton. desarrollando una aceptable velocidad en carretera de 40 Km/h, el vehículo sirvió en las unidades contracarro orgánicas de las divisiones de infantería desde 1940 hasta la campaña de Stalingrado en 1942.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-LJ1Hf8saF4A/Tx0XO0Wn7JI/AAAAAAAADFQ/py0WXmqyMrA/s1600/Bundesarchiv+Bild+169-0110%2523.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="258" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-LJ1Hf8saF4A/Tx0XO0Wn7JI/AAAAAAAADFQ/py0WXmqyMrA/s400/Bundesarchiv+Bild+169-0110%2523.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DHj_6sd-9_s/Tx0ZiX8fY7I/AAAAAAAADFw/RspUSDZPv9Q/s1600/pzjager1_foto29.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="261" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DHj_6sd-9_s/Tx0ZiX8fY7I/AAAAAAAADFw/RspUSDZPv9Q/s400/pzjager1_foto29.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Fuente:&lt;br /&gt;ORMEÑO, J . “&lt;a href="http://www.casadellibro.com/libro-la-batalla-de-kursk-los-medios-acorazados-alemanes/9788496170223/1051644"&gt;&lt;i&gt;La batalla de Kursk. Los medios acorazados alemanes&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;” Almena, 2005&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Combat experiences in the French battlefields resulted in desperate need of a car capable of putting out of action to those used by the Allies. Both the PzKpfw III and the IV (although armed with 75 mm L/24 howitzer) were poorly armed for that mission, the mission would fall on other vehicles developed with a single mission: hunt down the enemy tanks.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;These tank destroyers (&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/01/cazacarros-marder.html"&gt;Panzerjäger&lt;/a&gt;) first generation had all the same basic pattern a cannon mounted on a frame with fixed and open superstructure above. However, only a compromise was waiting for the construction of vehicles specially designed for this purpose. In July 1941 there were 132 vehicles of this model in the German units, but overall I Panzerjäger 334 were built by Daimler-Benz and Skoda.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;The Panzerjäger I was based on the chassis of PzKpfw I Ausf B, to which he had removed the original tower. Instead they had erected a shield protecting shielded on three sides and open at the top. The weapon of choice was the &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/canon-anticarro-checo-skoda.html"&gt;Czech L/43 gun of 47 mm&lt;/a&gt; which provided good results in shooting at targets protected. The barrel could rise +12º and get a maximum depression of -8 degrees. The group reached a weight of 8 tons. developing an acceptable road speed of 40 km/h, the vehicle was used in organic antitank units of infantry divisions from 1940 to the Stalingrad campaign in 1942&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Pya1DLDmV3A/Tx0XqX86PuI/AAAAAAAADFY/Y7N7PIm01Qs/s1600/aaaaaa-ss27.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="270" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Pya1DLDmV3A/Tx0XqX86PuI/AAAAAAAADFY/Y7N7PIm01Qs/s400/aaaaaa-ss27.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-b9pgr6kIGg8/Tx0X6Y7mLWI/AAAAAAAADFo/MsWl8OQhlSA/s1600/Panzerjager+I+Ausf+B.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="202" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-b9pgr6kIGg8/Tx0X6Y7mLWI/AAAAAAAADFo/MsWl8OQhlSA/s400/Panzerjager+I+Ausf+B.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9Tfu6p9y-ok/Tx0X0BQSdtI/AAAAAAAADFg/HoNLpByRqWc/s1600/pz_kpfw_i_ausf_b_panzerjager_i-146v.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9Tfu6p9y-ok/Tx0X0BQSdtI/AAAAAAAADFg/HoNLpByRqWc/s400/pz_kpfw_i_ausf_b_panzerjager_i-146v.jpg" width="261" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Source:&lt;br /&gt;ORMEÑO, J . “&lt;a href="http://www.casadellibro.com/libro-la-batalla-de-kursk-los-medios-acorazados-alemanes/9788496170223/1051644"&gt;&lt;i&gt;La batalla de Kursk. Los medios acorazados alemanes&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;” Almena, 2005&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-4461127085619336692?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/4461127085619336692/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/paznerjager-i.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/4461127085619336692'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/4461127085619336692'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/paznerjager-i.html' title='Paznerjäger I'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-10a52nm-Ba8/Tx0XEKN_u8I/AAAAAAAADFI/dGnpnQ-mfsQ/s72-c/pzjajger288.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-7127630006050032229</id><published>2012-01-22T11:00:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-22T15:07:21.718+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Historia/Curiosidades'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><title type='text'>Cementerios militares: Montecassino (II)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Cementerio alemán de Montecassino&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1VKA01Q0VQs/TxvTnNENmCI/AAAAAAAADEY/-qOSiwey7-0/s1600/img8944t.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1VKA01Q0VQs/TxvTnNENmCI/AAAAAAAADEY/-qOSiwey7-0/s400/img8944t.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El cementerio alemán (Kriegsgräberstätte) de Cassino se sitúa en Caira a 3 kilómetros al norte de la ciudad de Cassino. El cementerio ha sido creado en una colina con las tumbas de los 20.027 que cayeron en acción. No sólo los soldados que murieron en la batalla de Montecassino, sino también a las víctimas que perecieron durante las batallas en el campo italiano al sur de la línea de Pescara - Terracina han sido enterrados aquí. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Muchos murieron en la batalla por la cabeza de puente en el golfo de Salerno y también a los soldados que cayeron en acción durante la retirada en la costa del Adriático (especialmente en el área alrededor de Ortona), así como durante los combates en las cercanías de Montecassino. Después de llegar a un acuerdo entre el Gobierno alemán y las autoridades italianas acerca de esto en 1955, el Servicio Alemán de Cementerios han vuelto a enterrar a todos aquellos en este cementerio en el período de 1959 a 1960. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Un paseo por el ancho de la ladera, lleva al visitante a la entrada del edificio de aspecto cúbico. Dentro de este edificio, luz de día ilumina, a través de una abertura cuadrada grande, una escultura que simboliza el luto y el confort. Dejando este edificio, el visitante entra en un gran campo militar de honor que se compone de varias terrazas elípticas. Cada terraza se ha separado del siguiente por una pared de piedra caliza. Las tumbas llevan una cruz de mármol de travertino, los nombres han sido grabados con sus fechas de nacimiento, rango y fecha de la muerte. Todas las tumbas están cubiertas de hierba de San Juan.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6GkUJlo-0aY/TxvT2A22lAI/AAAAAAAADEo/7UJODaUMigI/s1600/5253845.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="263" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6GkUJlo-0aY/TxvT2A22lAI/AAAAAAAADEo/7UJODaUMigI/s400/5253845.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-uAAfMH9sQ5o/TxvTx1VRojI/AAAAAAAADEg/t3A1tP9Sof4/s1600/1678070925200209.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-uAAfMH9sQ5o/TxvTx1VRojI/AAAAAAAADEg/t3A1tP9Sof4/s400/1678070925200209.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The German cemetery (Kriegsgräberstätte) Cassino in Cairo is located 3 miles north of the town of Cassino. The cemetery has been set on a hill with the graves of the 20,027 who fell in action. Not only the soldiers who died in the battle of Monte Cassino, but also the victims who died during the battles in the Italian countryside south of the fishing line - Terracina have been buried here.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Many died in the battle for the bridgehead in the Gulf of Salerno and the soldiers who fell in action during the retreat on the Adriatic coast (especially in the area around Ortona) and during the fighting in the vicinity of Montecassino. After reaching an agreement between the German Government and the Italian authorities about this in 1955, the German Cemetery were reburied to all those in this cemetery in the period 1959 to 1960.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A walk along the width of the slope, takes visitors to the entrance of cubic aspect. Inside this building, daylight illuminates, through a large square opening, a sculpture that symbolizes mourning and comfort. Leaving this building, the visitor enters a large military camp of honor which is composed of several terraces elliptical. Each terrace is separated from the next by a wall of limestone. The tombs are a cross of travertine, the names have been engraved with their dates of birth, rank and date of death. All the tombs are covered with grass of San Juan.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-t_jZaFXzEPs/TxvUC4q-MFI/AAAAAAAADE4/oVjUN-ZrM5M/s1600/8074070925200255.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-t_jZaFXzEPs/TxvUC4q-MFI/AAAAAAAADE4/oVjUN-ZrM5M/s400/8074070925200255.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bC66Uibv5v8/TxvT8xQrZsI/AAAAAAAADEw/O9Z1Om_nazo/s1600/caira.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bC66Uibv5v8/TxvT8xQrZsI/AAAAAAAADEw/O9Z1Om_nazo/s400/caira.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-7127630006050032229?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/7127630006050032229/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/cementerio-aleman-de-montecassino-el.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7127630006050032229'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7127630006050032229'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/cementerio-aleman-de-montecassino-el.html' title='Cementerios militares: Montecassino (II)'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1VKA01Q0VQs/TxvTnNENmCI/AAAAAAAADEY/-qOSiwey7-0/s72-c/img8944t.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-7206726265847629039</id><published>2012-01-21T09:39:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-21T09:39:43.316+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Japón'/><title type='text'>El hundimiento del millón de dólares</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;“&lt;i&gt;San Francisco Maru&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TexwV2FwfQY/Txp38oSKR6I/AAAAAAAADDA/mqfzGg-qIps/s1600/1153980451_VpKHT-M.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TexwV2FwfQY/Txp38oSKR6I/AAAAAAAADDA/mqfzGg-qIps/s400/1153980451_VpKHT-M.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El &lt;i&gt;Toa Maru&lt;/i&gt; era un mercante que transportaba, entre otras cosas, aviones y carros de combate pero fue hundido y ahora se encuentra a 140 metros de profundidad. Junto con el &lt;i&gt;Toa Maru&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp; fue uno de los 32 barcos mercantes que los americanos echaron a pique durante la Operación Hailstone el 17 de febrero de 1944. Junto con los mercantes fueron hundidos otros 12 barcos de guerra y 249 aviones fueron destruidos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El &lt;i&gt;San Francisco Maru&lt;/i&gt; fue llamado el “&lt;i&gt;The Million Dollar Wreck&lt;/i&gt;” ya que en sus bodegas de carga llevaba camiones, carros de combate, minas, torpedos, bombas de aviación, proyectiles de artillería, cañones anticarro, munición para armas portátiles, motores de aviación junto con repuestos para los aparatos, gasolina y fuel a las fuerzas japonesas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7eo5-T4ilTk/Txp4Ek28srI/AAAAAAAADDI/8eZHTKx2ttI/s1600/tanktoamarauwreckdive.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="266" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7eo5-T4ilTk/Txp4Ek28srI/AAAAAAAADDI/8eZHTKx2ttI/s400/tanktoamarauwreckdive.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Type 95 Ha Go&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iDr5K4nD8z0/Txp4gE2T8gI/AAAAAAAADDQ/ZGoL7BETkDo/s1600/type95hagotankdeckcargo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="230" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iDr5K4nD8z0/Txp4gE2T8gI/AAAAAAAADDQ/ZGoL7BETkDo/s400/type95hagotankdeckcargo.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nveshr4h8x4/Txp43ZlIaZI/AAAAAAAADDg/n6JYHdfL-Yg/s1600/007621.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="265" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nveshr4h8x4/Txp43ZlIaZI/AAAAAAAADDg/n6JYHdfL-Yg/s400/007621.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tYKsmr0zNKs/Txp5HDLihvI/AAAAAAAADDw/h8JC8Cn4rdY/s1600/underwaterz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="298" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tYKsmr0zNKs/Txp5HDLihvI/AAAAAAAADDw/h8JC8Cn4rdY/s400/underwaterz.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Type 95 Ha Go&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;The &lt;i&gt;Toa Maru&lt;/i&gt; was a merchant ship carrying, among other things, aircraft and tanks but was sunk and is now 140 meters deep. Along with the Toa Maru was one of 32 Americans merchant ships scuttled during Operation Hailstone on February 17, 1944. Along with 12 other merchant ships were sunk and 249 war planes were destroyed.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The &lt;i&gt;San Francisco Maru&lt;/i&gt; was called “&lt;i&gt;The Million Dollar Wreck&lt;/i&gt;” because in their cargo holds carrying trucks, tanks, mines, torpedoes, aerial bombs, artillery shells, anti-tank guns, ammunition for small arms, aircraft engines along with spare parts for machinery, fuel and fuel to the Japanese forces.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rrBFBKok_r8/Txp4rKGFmJI/AAAAAAAADDY/4IocJE6ZMug/s1600/type95hagotankdeckcargos.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="273" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rrBFBKok_r8/Txp4rKGFmJI/AAAAAAAADDY/4IocJE6ZMug/s400/type95hagotankdeckcargos.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vu_OlSwAItE/Txp5BBFsnpI/AAAAAAAADDo/aBEH8RQ_REw/s1600/type95hagotankonthedeck.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="278" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vu_OlSwAItE/Txp5BBFsnpI/AAAAAAAADDo/aBEH8RQ_REw/s400/type95hagotankonthedeck.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Type 95 Ha Go&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GVWcH7FcaWc/Txp5M4aee4I/AAAAAAAADD4/7MGsDOGM5_8/s1600/sanfranciscomaru61.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="266" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GVWcH7FcaWc/Txp5M4aee4I/AAAAAAAADD4/7MGsDOGM5_8/s400/sanfranciscomaru61.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Type 95 Ha Go&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SE2SZd5kZMk/Txp5S7Dg8OI/AAAAAAAADEA/pzDutu_pE2E/s1600/007640.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="265" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SE2SZd5kZMk/Txp5S7Dg8OI/AAAAAAAADEA/pzDutu_pE2E/s400/007640.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AheRkPf_vIA/Txp5bH8puVI/AAAAAAAADEI/yn-IT9smUF0/s1600/article0023ad0640000057.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="243" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AheRkPf_vIA/Txp5bH8puVI/AAAAAAAADEI/yn-IT9smUF0/s400/article0023ad0640000057.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Type 95 Ha Go&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-39iY-IsYwo8/Txp5gktNeYI/AAAAAAAADEQ/zVdHP9Q_VMo/s1600/chuukdivemap.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-39iY-IsYwo8/Txp5gktNeYI/AAAAAAAADEQ/zVdHP9Q_VMo/s400/chuukdivemap.jpg" width="336" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-7206726265847629039?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/7206726265847629039/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/el-hundimiento-del-millon-de-dolares.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7206726265847629039'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7206726265847629039'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/el-hundimiento-del-millon-de-dolares.html' title='El hundimiento del millón de dólares'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TexwV2FwfQY/Txp38oSKR6I/AAAAAAAADDA/mqfzGg-qIps/s72-c/1153980451_VpKHT-M.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-8079410737599657217</id><published>2012-01-20T09:44:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-20T11:07:27.704+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Panzerwaffe'/><title type='text'>Montaje de Schürzen</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Montaje de Schürzen en los vehículos alemanes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eXo0E_41lNA/Txkl5KlUEMI/AAAAAAAADBg/CKrzZGOddGo/s1600/4792624917_95afacaa86_b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="246" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eXo0E_41lNA/Txkl5KlUEMI/AAAAAAAADBg/CKrzZGOddGo/s400/4792624917_95afacaa86_b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;StuG III y el Schürzen&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El montaje original del sistema Schürzen fue presentado en el verano de 1943 y estaba compuesto por dos hileras en “L”. Una fila estaba montada en el casco a nivel y la otra, creando un segundo carril, justo por debajo de la parte superior de la superestructura. Los soportes se hacían pasar a través de pequeños agujeros en las planchas. El movimiento de los vehículos podía desplazar las placas provocando daños menores en ellas. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En marzo de 1944 las quejas de las tripulaciones tuvieron su respuesta ya que era fácil perder los faldones por choques de modo que se introdujo un nuevo sistema de montaje de los Schürzen. El nuevo sistema estaba compuesto por unos soportes en el interior de las placas y el segundo eran pestañas triangulares soldadas a los rieles del montaje. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Más avanzado el año los Schürzen fueron atornillados al guardabarros y otras placas inclinadas situadas en la superestructura del StuG III. En septiembre de 1944 se introdujo una nueva variante, el Drahtgeflecht Schürzen, que comenzó a reemplazar la planchas de acero originales. Se trataba de protecciones de malla que ahorraba peso y vitales materias primas. Estos fueron utilizados exclusivamente en el PzKpfw IV. Estas planchas se apoyaban por tiras de acero en su parte superior fijándose de modo similar a los anteriores Schürzen sólidos. Las torretas mantenían, sin embargo, los Schürzen sólidos originales. Sólo en la recta final de la vida del StuG IV se montaron con los Drahtgeflecht Schürzen. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-gMKaqxkUvGw/Txkm7Ld0P9I/AAAAAAAADBw/WSuTN3VMmmY/s1600/panzer-schurzen-stug-iii-kursk-waffenss.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="246" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-gMKaqxkUvGw/Txkm7Ld0P9I/AAAAAAAADBw/WSuTN3VMmmY/s400/panzer-schurzen-stug-iii-kursk-waffenss.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TNElOLTZkbw/TxknFdiFsFI/AAAAAAAADB4/vyeO-1hLCPk/s1600/23j2tt3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="302" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TNElOLTZkbw/TxknFdiFsFI/AAAAAAAADB4/vyeO-1hLCPk/s400/23j2tt3.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Panzerkampfwagen III y IV&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El bastidor de este carro de combate medio sirvió para la creación del StuG III y los soportes para los Schürzen son prácticamente idénticos. Esto incluye los montajes iniciales que se cambiaron en la primavera de 1944. La principal diferencia entre las planchas del StuG III con las del Panzer III es que este último cuenta con torreta. Los Schürzen de la torreta eran soldados o atornillados en su posición. No es raro encontrar fotografías de Panzer III con los faldones de la torre intactos y los laterales dañados o desaparecidos. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Por su parte el PzKpfw IV tenía la misma disposición que su hermano pequeño pero con un faldón más. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZwiHMk7bJvI/TxknOJcPHjI/AAAAAAAADCA/7f0s-bZo5eo/s1600/PzBefehlswagen3M.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="201" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZwiHMk7bJvI/TxknOJcPHjI/AAAAAAAADCA/7f0s-bZo5eo/s400/PzBefehlswagen3M.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Panzerkampfwagen V Panther y Jagdpanther.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El Schürzen del Panther cubre un área menor que los anteriores y protege la parte que queda entre el casco y las ruedas. Este blindaje estaba destinada a la protección de la tripulación y partes vitales del vehículo, pero no cubría los almacenes de munición. Los Schürzen se atornillaban directamente en los soportes montados en el casco o se colgaban de un carril de montaje. El Jagdpanther, que compartía el mismo bastidor, usaba el mismo sistema de protección Schürzen que el Panther.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CTY_C4nomgs/Txkns32HUHI/AAAAAAAADCI/ThwDU7x0ZAc/s1600/pzpantherA-side.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="180" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CTY_C4nomgs/Txkns32HUHI/AAAAAAAADCI/ThwDU7x0ZAc/s400/pzpantherA-side.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-v8I1twDSOjQ/Txk80cC6ZII/AAAAAAAADC4/jyJOHka7UPI/s1600/jagdpanther_col.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-v8I1twDSOjQ/Txk80cC6ZII/AAAAAAAADC4/jyJOHka7UPI/s400/jagdpanther_col.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El sistema Schürzen empleado en este cazacarros es similar al del Panther pero iban atornillados siempre. El Hetzer tenía los soportes de montaje soldados al Schürzen y estos soportes se deslizaban sobre los pernos situados en el borde exterior del casco. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EgtEeIbil74/TxkoDDuJcKI/AAAAAAAADCQ/4zsuG1r1hUw/s1600/hetzer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="173" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EgtEeIbil74/TxkoDDuJcKI/AAAAAAAADCQ/4zsuG1r1hUw/s400/hetzer.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fuentes:&lt;br /&gt;JENTZ, T. “&lt;i&gt;Sturmgeschutz III and IV 1942-45&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 2001&lt;br /&gt;KUROWSKI, F. “&lt;i&gt;Sturmgeschuetze vor! Assault Guns to the Front!&lt;/i&gt;” Fedorowicz, 1999&lt;br /&gt;PERRETT, B. &amp;amp; CHAPPELL, M. “&lt;i&gt;Sturmartillerie and Panzerjager 1939-45&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1999&lt;br /&gt;SPIELBERGER, W. “&lt;i&gt;Sturmgeschutz &amp;amp; Its Variants&lt;/i&gt;” Schiffer, 1933&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;StuG III and Schürzen&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The original mounting Schürzen system was introduced in the summer of 1943 and consisted of two rows in "L". A row was mounted on the hull at the other, creating a second lane, just below the top of the superstructure. The brackets are made to pass through small holes in the plates. The movement of vehicles could move the plates causing minor damage to them.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In March 1944 the complaints of the crews had their response and it was easy to lose the tail by shocks so that they introduced a new mounting system Schürzen. The new system was composed of some supports inside the plates and the second triangular tabs were welded to the mounting rails.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Later in the year were bolted to the fender Schürzen and other inclined plates located in the superstructure of the StuG III. In September 1944 introduced a new variant, the Drahtgeflecht Schürzen, which began to replace the original steel plates. It was saved mesh protections weight and vital raw materials. These were used exclusively in the PzKpfw IV. These boards are supported by steel strips at the top by looking similarly to the above solid Schürzen. The turrets maintained, however, the original solid Schürzen. Only in the final stages of the life of the StuG IV were mounted with Schürzen Drahtgeflecht.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JCUT3S6qjqk/TxkpPE1KUsI/AAAAAAAADCw/FH5hgcB7zOU/s1600/stug3g_1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="222" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JCUT3S6qjqk/TxkpPE1KUsI/AAAAAAAADCw/FH5hgcB7zOU/s400/stug3g_1.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Panzerkampfwagen III and IV&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The frame of this half tank was used for the creation of the StuG III and brackets for Schürzen are practically identical. This includes initial set-ups that changed in the spring of 1944. The main difference between the plates of the StuG III with those of the Panzer III is that the latter has a turret. The Schürzen of the turret was welded or bolted in place. It is not uncommon to find pictures of Panzer III with the skirts of the tower intact and damaged or missing side. For its part, the PzKpfw IV had the same arrangement as his little brother but with a skirt more.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-r7QNPVvp3L4/Txko0Z547EI/AAAAAAAADCo/MYN6FJMGdks/s1600/121hJan1944.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="248" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-r7QNPVvp3L4/Txko0Z547EI/AAAAAAAADCo/MYN6FJMGdks/s400/121hJan1944.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Panzerkampfwagen V Panther and Jagdpanther.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Panther Schürzen covers a smaller area than the others and protects the left between the hull and wheels. This shield was designed to protect the crew and vital parts of the vehicle, but did not cover the storage of ammunition. The Schürzen screws directly into the brackets mounted on the hull or hung from a mounting rail. The Jagdpanther, who shared the same frame, using the same system of protection Schürzen the Panther.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3kFaQ3V-_2o/TxkoiqzNElI/AAAAAAAADCg/pllORHdoC0M/s1600/2rcabo4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="276" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3kFaQ3V-_2o/TxkoiqzNElI/AAAAAAAADCg/pllORHdoC0M/s400/2rcabo4.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Jagdpanzer 38 (t) Hetzer&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The system used in this tank destroyers Schürzen is similar to Panther but they were always screwed. The Hetzer was the mounting brackets welded to Schürzen and these supports are slid over the bolts located at the outer edge of the hull.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZTqoO1P70JE/TxkoMoruMdI/AAAAAAAADCY/QLXSss_oLmc/s1600/hetzer01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="216" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZTqoO1P70JE/TxkoMoruMdI/AAAAAAAADCY/QLXSss_oLmc/s400/hetzer01.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sources:&lt;br /&gt;JENTZ, T. “&lt;i&gt;Sturmgeschutz III and IV 1942-45&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 2001&lt;br /&gt;KUROWSKI, F. “&lt;i&gt;Sturmgeschuetze vor! Assault Guns to the Front!&lt;/i&gt;” Fedorowicz, 1999&lt;br /&gt;PERRETT, B. &amp;amp; CHAPPELL, M. “&lt;i&gt;Sturmartillerie and Panzerjager 1939-45&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1999&lt;br /&gt;SPIELBERGER, W. “&lt;i&gt;Sturmgeschutz &amp;amp; Its Variants&lt;/i&gt;” Schiffer, 1933&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-8079410737599657217?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/8079410737599657217/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/montaje-de-schurzen.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/8079410737599657217'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/8079410737599657217'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/montaje-de-schurzen.html' title='Montaje de Schürzen'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eXo0E_41lNA/Txkl5KlUEMI/AAAAAAAADBg/CKrzZGOddGo/s72-c/4792624917_95afacaa86_b.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-6506604667180599117</id><published>2012-01-19T10:23:00.003+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-31T09:20:22.936+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Aviación Aliada'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='USAAF'/><title type='text'>Nose art del 78º FG (I)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Nose art&lt;/i&gt; del 78º Fighter Group&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VPswSrzT67A/TxffItfO7SI/AAAAAAAADBY/Y2-qZeuosdI/s1600/quince_brown_crew_page_1-746x587.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="317" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VPswSrzT67A/TxffItfO7SI/AAAAAAAADBY/Y2-qZeuosdI/s400/quince_brown_crew_page_1-746x587.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Con el término Nose Art se denomina a las ilustraciones que los pilotos de la II Guerra Mundial decoraban sus aparatos. Escudos, emblemas, nombres, ilustraciones y demás expresiones artísticas adornaron multitud de aparatos de todos los ejércitos que tomaron parte en el conflicto. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En este caso trataré de hacer un breve repaso sobre el Nose Art exhibido en algunos de los cazas P-47 Thunderbolt pertenecientes al 78º Fighter Group (formado por el 82nd, 83rd y 84th Fighter Squadrons) de la 8º Air Force. Esta unidad estuvo basada en Duxford y goza de un amplio repertorio de Nose Art del que trataré de hacer un breve resumen con los más destacados.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47 “&lt;i&gt;Ozark Queen&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Se trata del aparato pilotado por el Capt. Alfred F Eaton. Holly Bluff, MS. Perteneciente al 84th Fighter Squadron, 8º AF. Era un P-47D 42-26682 WZ-U “&lt;i&gt;Ozark Queen&lt;/i&gt;”. El piloto llamó de esa forma a su caza en honor a su esposa, y es la misma que aparece en la ilustración.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-kP5f3uQa4k0/TxfYeogfqdI/AAAAAAAADAQ/h0GhlFUYPQY/s1600/wzu1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-kP5f3uQa4k0/TxfYeogfqdI/AAAAAAAADAQ/h0GhlFUYPQY/s400/wzu1.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;The device&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;piloted&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;by Capt.&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Alfred&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;F.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Eaton.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Holly&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bluff&lt;/span&gt;, MS. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Belonging to the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;84th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Fighter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Squadron&lt;/span&gt;, 8th &lt;span class="hps"&gt;AF.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;He was a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;P-&lt;/span&gt;47D &lt;span class="hps"&gt;42-26682&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;WZ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;-U&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;"Ozark&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Queen".&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;pilot called&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;that way to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;your hunt&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in honor of his&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;wife, and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;is the same as&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;shown&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in the illustration.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47 “&lt;i&gt;Mickey II&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lt. Luther J Abel, Gladwater, TX. Pertenecía al 78º FG, 84th Fighter Squadron. P-47D 42-75684 WZ-H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-H5c7uArowO4/TxfZZ8BvGJI/AAAAAAAADAY/lU0HY7qKeA4/s1600/abel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="263" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-H5c7uArowO4/TxfZZ8BvGJI/AAAAAAAADAY/lU0HY7qKeA4/s400/abel.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47 “&lt;i&gt;Nice Kitty / Dude&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt; Lt. Jerry E Brasher, Roswell, NM. Pertenecía al 78º FG, 82nd Fighter Squadron. P-47D 42-76585 MX-F&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-g9_gFwBO16k/TxfZ258jDII/AAAAAAAADAg/lfGekmzOYN8/s1600/brasher.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="282" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-g9_gFwBO16k/TxfZ258jDII/AAAAAAAADAg/lfGekmzOYN8/s400/brasher.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47C -5 “&lt;i&gt;El Jeepo&lt;/i&gt;”&amp;nbsp; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Este aparato fue utilizado por el primer as de la unidad, Charles London, con 5 victorias, una probable y dos dañados entre el 14 de mayo y el 30 de julio de 1943. Las cuatro marcas de victoria reflejadas representan sendos Fw 190 derribados. La cuarta y quinta victorias no fueron logradas hasta el 30 de julio de 1943, las condiciones de combate no permitían en muchos casos registrar las victorias y muchos registros se cambiaron al tener acceso a los archivos de la Luftwaffe. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-gtijYl8NrWA/Txfaf6cw-cI/AAAAAAAADAo/GjrbAWV0bAs/s1600/P%25C3%25A1ginas+de+Osprey+-+Aircraft+of+the+Aces+-+024+-+P-47+Thunderbolt+Aces+oft+he+8AF-6.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="286" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-gtijYl8NrWA/Txfaf6cw-cI/AAAAAAAADAo/GjrbAWV0bAs/s400/P%25C3%25A1ginas+de+Osprey+-+Aircraft+of+the+Aces+-+024+-+P-47+Thunderbolt+Aces+oft+he+8AF-6.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7bwf2lWayp8/Txfa27d7GmI/AAAAAAAADAw/bC8JI59TWsQ/s1600/P%25C3%25A1ginas+de+Osprey+-+Aircraft+of+the+Aces+-+024+-+P-47+Thunderbolt+Aces+oft+he+8AF.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="118" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7bwf2lWayp8/Txfa27d7GmI/AAAAAAAADAw/bC8JI59TWsQ/s400/P%25C3%25A1ginas+de+Osprey+-+Aircraft+of+the+Aces+-+024+-+P-47+Thunderbolt+Aces+oft+he+8AF.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Capt. Charles London 83rd FS del 78º FG 41-6335. Duxford, junio de 1943&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;This device&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was used by the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;first ace&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the unit,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Charles London&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;, with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;five&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;victories, one&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;probable&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and two&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;damaged&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;between&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;May 14&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;July 30, 1943&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The four marks&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of victory&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;reflected&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;represent opposite&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Fw 190&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;shot down.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The fourth and fifth&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;victories&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;were not achieved&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;until&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;July 30, 1943&lt;/span&gt;, conditions &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of engagement are not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;allowed in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;many cases&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;record the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;victories and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;many records&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;were changed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;when accessing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;files in the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Luftwaffe.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47C-5 “&lt;i&gt;Spokane Chief&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Roberts logró 6 de sus 9 victorias aéreas a los mandos de este aparato, más una solitaria probable el 1 de julio de 1943. Las otras tres victorias las archivó a los mandos de otro aparato, un P-47C-2 (41-6240/WZ-E). La primera victoria con el C-5 la logró el 17 de agosto de 1943. Alcanzó las 89 misiones de combate derribando su último aparato, un Bf 109 G, el 20 de octubre de 1943. Poco más tarde fue trasladado a un despacho para trabajar en el VIII Fighter Command HQ.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-DX_xaS3E7Ng/TxfcGkjry3I/AAAAAAAADBA/elPWSErz5Sk/s1600/P%25C3%25A1ginas+de+Osprey+-+Aircraft+of+the+Aces+-+024+-+P-47+Thunderbolt+Aces+oft+he+8AF-8.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-DX_xaS3E7Ng/TxfcGkjry3I/AAAAAAAADBA/elPWSErz5Sk/s400/P%25C3%25A1ginas+de+Osprey+-+Aircraft+of+the+Aces+-+024+-+P-47+Thunderbolt+Aces+oft+he+8AF-8.JPG" width="315" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Yhi9bTYZ0tY/TxfbdCd2raI/AAAAAAAADA4/IiP_9EAVZgA/s1600/P%25C3%25A1ginas+de+Osprey+-+Aircraft+of+the+Aces+-+024+-+P-47+Thunderbolt+Aces+oft+he+8AF-2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="106" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Yhi9bTYZ0tY/TxfbdCd2raI/AAAAAAAADA4/IiP_9EAVZgA/s400/P%25C3%25A1ginas+de+Osprey+-+Aircraft+of+the+Aces+-+024+-+P-47+Thunderbolt+Aces+oft+he+8AF-2.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;Capt. Charles London 83rd FS del 78º FG 41-6335. Duxford, junio de 1943&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;P-47D-6 “&lt;i&gt;Feather Merchant II&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A Price se le asignó este P-47 en la primavera de 1943 y logró sus últimas dos victorias con él de un total de cinco. Price había pilotado otros tres Thunderbolts derribando un aparato con cada uno de ellos; P-47C-2 (41-6270/WZ-A), P-47C-2 (41-6228/WZ-N) y C-5 (41-6333/WZ-V)&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jR0RRoUGF5Q/TxfcoxHfAII/AAAAAAAADBI/OaDTrncmahk/s1600/P%25C3%25A1ginas+de+Osprey+-+Aircraft+of+the+Aces+-+024+-+P-47+Thunderbolt+Aces+oft+he+8AF-21.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="113" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jR0RRoUGF5Q/TxfcoxHfAII/AAAAAAAADBI/OaDTrncmahk/s400/P%25C3%25A1ginas+de+Osprey+-+Aircraft+of+the+Aces+-+024+-+P-47+Thunderbolt+Aces+oft+he+8AF-21.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;Maj. Jack Price, CO del 84th FS del 78º FG 42-74641. Duxford, noviembre de 1943&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Price&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was assigned&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;P&lt;/span&gt;-47 in &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the spring of 1943&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and made&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;his last two&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;victories with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a total of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;five.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Price had&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;driven&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;three&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Thunderbolts&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;felling a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;device&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with each of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;them,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps atn"&gt;P-&lt;/span&gt;47C&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-2 (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;41-6270/WZ-A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="atn"&gt;), P-&lt;/span&gt;47C&lt;span class="atn"&gt;-2 (&lt;/span&gt;41-6228/WZ-N) and &lt;span class="hps"&gt;C-5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;(41&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;-6333/WZ-V&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/nose-art-del-78-fg-ii.html"&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;Segunda parte&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;Fuentes/Sources&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;SCUTTS, J. “&lt;i&gt;P-47 Thunderbolt aces of the Eight Air Force&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1998&lt;br /&gt;McDOWELL, E. “&lt;i&gt;Republic P-47 Thunderbolt&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1971&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-6506604667180599117?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/6506604667180599117/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/nose-art-del-78-fg-i.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/6506604667180599117'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/6506604667180599117'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/nose-art-del-78-fg-i.html' title='Nose art del 78º FG (I)'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VPswSrzT67A/TxffItfO7SI/AAAAAAAADBY/Y2-qZeuosdI/s72-c/quince_brown_crew_page_1-746x587.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-7033087043970193264</id><published>2012-01-18T09:13:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-18T09:13:59.852+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><title type='text'>Exhumación en Demjansk</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;En busca de los caídos en Demjansk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-BNn7uwUnmfw/TxZ_GcBlLAI/AAAAAAAADAA/j2pyjlYbZ4Y/s1600/Soviet-Naval-05.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="241" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-BNn7uwUnmfw/TxZ_GcBlLAI/AAAAAAAADAA/j2pyjlYbZ4Y/s400/Soviet-Naval-05.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;La expedición de búsqueda de los restos de estos soldados rusos tuvo lugar entre el 27 de abril y el 8 de mayo de 2008. La zona de búsqueda era la región de Demyanskogo, en el área de Novgorod. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En ella tomaron parte; Электростальского la City Center of Patriotic Education, МВПО Generation y ВООП The Fighting Brotherhood. El campamento se fijó en la antigua aldea de Gorodilovo, que resultó prácticamente destruida durante la guerra. Por su parte, Электростальского, ya estaba trabajando en el lugar desde el día 23 de abril. Las primeras excavaciones se centraron entorno a una zona sanitaria dónde encontraron los restos de 63 soldados soviéticos. En los siguientes días la búsqueda se centró en otros sitios donde probablemente pudiera haber enterramientos (pozos, zanjas y acequias abandonadas, etc.). Otro grupo de búsqueda se centró en las orillas del lago Vele dónde fueron hallados los restos de 13 soldados más. Estos hombres murieron en febrero de 1942 cuando intentaban asaltar las posiciones alemanas a través del lago helado. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La expedición ha sido un éxito encontrándose los restos de 76 soldados soviéticos tras años de búsqueda e investigación. Sin embargo la gran mayoría de estos hombres continúan sin ser identificados. Una emotiva ceremonia tendrá lugar el último día de la expedición tras la cual los restos serán enviados a su lugar de enterramiento final.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/qsua_BHcV3c" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The issue of finding the remains of these Russian soldiers took place between April 27 and May 8, 2008. The search area was Demyanskogo region, in the Novgorod area.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Took part in it; Электростальского the City Center of Patriotic Education, Generation and ВООП МВПО The Fighting Brotherhood. The camp was set in the ancient village of Gorodilovo, which was largely destroyed during the war. For its part, Электростальского, I was working at the site since 23 April. The first excavations were centered around a health area where the remains of 63 Soviet soldiers. In the following days the search was focused on other sites where they probably could have graves (pits, trenches and ditches abandoned, etc.).. Search Another group focused on the shores of Lake Ensure where were found the remains of 13 soldiers. These men died in February 1942 when they tried to assault the German positions across the frozen lake.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The expedition has been successful finding the remains of 76 Soviet soldiers after years of searching and research. However, the vast majority of these men remain unidentified. A moving ceremony will take place on the last day of the expedition, after which the remains will be sent to their final burial place.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/nBUKz-b-Q0w" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-7033087043970193264?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/7033087043970193264/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/exhumacion-en-demjansk.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7033087043970193264'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7033087043970193264'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/exhumacion-en-demjansk.html' title='Exhumación en Demjansk'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-BNn7uwUnmfw/TxZ_GcBlLAI/AAAAAAAADAA/j2pyjlYbZ4Y/s72-c/Soviet-Naval-05.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-3128994581849641352</id><published>2012-01-17T08:25:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-02-06T00:23:27.545+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Vehículos en movimiento'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Aliados'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='US Army'/><title type='text'>Vehículos en movimiento: M3 Lee/Grant</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;Vehículos de la II Guerra Mundial en movimiento: M3 Lee/Grant&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-omk6wLHhZHQ/TxUh4YFONsI/AAAAAAAAC_s/uINZzfjjULg/s1600/LOCLeesinaction.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="287" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-omk6wLHhZHQ/TxUh4YFONsI/AAAAAAAAC_s/uINZzfjjULg/s400/LOCLeesinaction.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El vehículo pasó rápidamente de las mesas de diseño a producción debido a la necesidad. El vehículo tenía una movilidad campo a través deficiente siendo retirado del frente cuando el M4 Sherman estuvo en cantidades suficientes. Disponía de un motor Wright (Continental) R975 EC2, 9 cilindros gasolina 400/340 hp (298/254 kW) que le confería una velocidad máxima en carretera de 40 Km/h. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El Grant tenía una buena fiabilidad mecánica y una potencia de fuego aceptable (a pesar de su elevado perfil y que el armamento principal se encontraba situado en el casco). En el teatro europeo no se empleó después de mayo de 1943 mientras que en el Pacífico, debido a las deficiencias en blindaje nipón, fueron empleados por británicos en China, Birmania e Inda. A pesar de su bajo rendimiento campo a través, hicieron un gran servicio en las empinadas colinas que rodeaban Imphal. Entre 1942 y 1943 un total de 1.300 M3A3 y M3A5 diesel -todos del tipo Lee- fueron entregados a Rusia. Debido a su tendencia a incendiarse tras recibir un impacto fueron apodados "ataúd para siete hermanos". A patir de mediados de 1943 muy pocos entraron en combate. Algunos fueron usados en el frente del Ártico en la ofensiva soviética hacia Kirkenes en octubre de 1944.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El M3 se las arregló bien en el campo de batalla de 1942 pero la rápida carrera cañón/blindaje lo dejó obsoleto a mediados de 1943.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/_P7vup-B2rg" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Fuente: &lt;br /&gt;CHAMBERLAIN, P. “&lt;i&gt;British and American Tanks of World War Two&lt;/i&gt;”, Weidenfeld Military, 2000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The vehicle passed quickly from design to production tables due to the need. The vehicle had a poor country mobility being withdrawn from the front when the M4 Sherman was in sufficient quantities. Wright had a motor (Continental) R975 EC2, 9-cylinder gasoline 400/340 hp (298/254 kW) which gave it a maximum road speed of 40 km/h.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TrEDkTlJuJM/TxUiNWTOlOI/AAAAAAAAC_0/LIU7iwBO79k/s1600/M3+Grant+Lee.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="356" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TrEDkTlJuJM/TxUiNWTOlOI/AAAAAAAAC_0/LIU7iwBO79k/s400/M3+Grant+Lee.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Grant had a good mechanical reliability and firepower acceptable (despite its high profile and that the main armament was located in the hull). In the European theater was not used after May 1943 while in the Pacific, due to deficiencies in armor Nippon, were employed by the British in China, Burma and Inda. Despite its poor performance across the field, did a great service in the steep hills around Imphal. Between 1942 and 1943 a total of 1,300 M3A3 and M3A5 all diesel-Lee-type were delivered to Russia. Because of their tendency to catch fire after being hit were called "Coffin for Seven Brothers." In mid-1943 patir very few engaged in combat. Some were used in the front of the Arctic in the Soviet offensive towards Kirkenes in October 1944.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The M3 has managed well in the field of battle in 1942 but the rapid race gun/armor obsolete left him in mid-1943.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/JBiTYNKHjXM" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Source: &lt;br /&gt;CHAMBERLAIN, P. “&lt;i&gt;British and American Tanks of World War Two&lt;/i&gt;”, Weidenfeld Military, 2000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-3128994581849641352?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/3128994581849641352/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/vehiculos-en-movimiento-m3-leegrant.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3128994581849641352'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3128994581849641352'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/vehiculos-en-movimiento-m3-leegrant.html' title='Vehículos en movimiento: M3 Lee/Grant'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-omk6wLHhZHQ/TxUh4YFONsI/AAAAAAAAC_s/uINZzfjjULg/s72-c/LOCLeesinaction.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-7725693716796182059</id><published>2012-01-16T12:53:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-16T13:10:41.305+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Wehrmacht'/><title type='text'>Cañón anticarro checo Skoda</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;Cañón anticarro Skoda 47 mm v.z. 36 y su uso en la Wehrmacht &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YH_evtZ-ivw/TxQPIyPFSBI/AAAAAAAAC_M/2S_aCgFd0uk/s1600/07336.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="125" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YH_evtZ-ivw/TxQPIyPFSBI/AAAAAAAAC_M/2S_aCgFd0uk/s400/07336.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En la década de los años 20 Skoda fue pionera en la creación de armamento anticarro fabricando una pieza de 20 mm. Ya en la década de los 30 se diseñó y fabricó una nueva pieza de mayor calibre, 37 mm, que serviría de base para el v.z. 36 de 47 mm fabricado en 1936. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pronto el diseño checoslovaco se convirtió en el mejor anticarro de su momento y varios países, entre ellos Italia y Rumania, lo adquirieron para sus respectivos ejércitos. Sus prestaciones eran superiores al austriaco y coetáneo Bhöler contando con un escudo blindado para la protección de su dotación. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Con la anexión de los Sudetes una gran cantidad de estas piezas se incorporaron al arsenal alemán que pronto echarían mano de ellos para armar lo que sería la primera generación de Panzerjäger, como el Panzerjäger I 4,7cm PaK (t) auf PzKpfw I Ausf B o el 4,7cm Pak (t) auf Panzerkampfwagen 35 R(f)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Del Panzerjäger I 4,7cm PaK (t) auf PzKpfw I Ausf B se fabricaron 334 Panzerjäger I por Daimler-Benz y Skoda sirviendo en las unidades contracarro orgánicas de las divisiones de infantería desde 1940 hasta la campaña de Stalingrado en 1942. Por su parte el 4,7cm Pak (t) auf Panzerkampfwagen 35 R(f) sufrió una transformación similar siendo empleado, inicialmente, para el entrenamiento de las tripulaciones.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8FBks9b31iI/TxQPYyZkArI/AAAAAAAAC_U/zKmElUECcis/s1600/4765755862_b892412e43_z.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="271" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8FBks9b31iI/TxQPYyZkArI/AAAAAAAAC_U/zKmElUECcis/s400/4765755862_b892412e43_z.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-02Ir8Hb2CtU/TxQOQyg_VpI/AAAAAAAAC-8/yZ2PXr2rbGw/s1600/Skoda.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="132" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-02Ir8Hb2CtU/TxQOQyg_VpI/AAAAAAAAC-8/yZ2PXr2rbGw/s400/Skoda.PNG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Fuentes: &lt;br /&gt;BISHOP, C. “&lt;i&gt;The Encyclopedia of Weapons of WWII&lt;/i&gt;” Metrobooks, 2002&lt;br /&gt;CHAMBERLAIN, P. &amp;amp; GANDER, T. “&lt;i&gt;Anti-Tank Weapons (WW2 Fact Files)&lt;/i&gt;” ARCO Publishing Co. 1975&lt;br /&gt;ORMEÑO, J. “&lt;a href="http://www.casadellibro.com/libro-la-batalla-de-kursk-los-medios-acorazados-alemanes/9788496170223/1051644"&gt;&lt;i&gt;La batalla de Kursk. Los medios acorazados alemanes&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;” Almena, 2005&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the decade of the 20's Skoda was a pioneer in the creation of antitank weapons manufacturing a piece of 20 mm. In the decade of the 30 was designed and manufactured a new piece of larger size, 37 mm, to provide a basis for vz 36 of 47 mm manufactured in 1936.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;zechoslovak design soon became the best anti-tank of its time and several countries, including Italy and Romania, acquired for their respective armies. Its performance was superior to the contemporary Austrian Bhole have an armored shield to protect the crew.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-D2ebCD6AEak/TxQPhMJ9tZI/AAAAAAAAC_c/wiKpgGTah0E/s1600/skoda47mmkanon.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="125" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-D2ebCD6AEak/TxQPhMJ9tZI/AAAAAAAAC_c/wiKpgGTah0E/s400/skoda47mmkanon.png" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;With the annexation of the Sudetenland a lot of these pieces were incorporated into the German arsenal soon would throw their hand to build what would be the first generation of Panzerjäger, as the Panzerjäger I 4,7cm PaK (t) auf PzKpfw I Ausf B or 4.7 cm Pak(t) auf Panzerkampfwagen 35 R(f)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 4.7 cm PaK(t) Panzerjäger I auf PzKpfw I Ausf B 334 Panzerjäger I were made by Daimler-Benz and Skoda units serving in the organic anti-tank infantry divisions from 1940 to the Stalingrad campaign in 1942. For its part, the 4.7 cm Pak (t) auf Panzerkampfwagen 35 R(f) suffered a similar transformation being used initially to train crews.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_SbMCgQZpBk/TxQOot__SwI/AAAAAAAAC_E/upmnK81fZck/s1600/SkodaGB.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="132" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_SbMCgQZpBk/TxQOot__SwI/AAAAAAAAC_E/upmnK81fZck/s400/SkodaGB.PNG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ED6UJ9ULa10/TxQPrKKx8sI/AAAAAAAAC_k/QE6QogoL4uU/s1600/07334.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="348" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ED6UJ9ULa10/TxQPrKKx8sI/AAAAAAAAC_k/QE6QogoL4uU/s400/07334.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Sources: &lt;br /&gt;BISHOP, C. “&lt;i&gt;The Encyclopedia of Weapons of WWII&lt;/i&gt;” Metrobooks, 2002&lt;br /&gt;CHAMBERLAIN, P. &amp;amp; GANDER, T. “&lt;i&gt;Anti-Tank Weapons (WW2 Fact Files)&lt;/i&gt;” ARCO Publishing Co. 1975&lt;br /&gt;ORMEÑO, J. “&lt;a href="http://www.casadellibro.com/libro-la-batalla-de-kursk-los-medios-acorazados-alemanes/9788496170223/1051644"&gt;&lt;i&gt;La batalla de Kursk. Los medios acorazados alemanes&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;” Almena, 2005&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-7725693716796182059?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/7725693716796182059/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/canon-anticarro-checo-skoda.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7725693716796182059'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7725693716796182059'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/canon-anticarro-checo-skoda.html' title='Cañón anticarro checo Skoda'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YH_evtZ-ivw/TxQPIyPFSBI/AAAAAAAAC_M/2S_aCgFd0uk/s72-c/07336.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-5490501427683204382</id><published>2012-01-15T09:48:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-15T09:59:54.022+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Aeródromos de la IIGM'/><title type='text'>Aeródromos de la IIGM: Wheeler</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Aeródromo de Wheeler&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;(Wheeler Field)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yhmOC-y5sOw/TxKRwu60T7I/AAAAAAAAC-U/zDv8vHZeKq4/s1600/p26swheelerfield1930s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="248" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yhmOC-y5sOw/TxKRwu60T7I/AAAAAAAAC-U/zDv8vHZeKq4/s400/p26swheelerfield1930s.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Se encuentra en Kamehameha Highway, através de Schofield Barracks y fue construido antes de la guerra. El 7 de diciembre de 1941 en Wheeler Field, los pilotos de Ken Taylor y George Welch observaron la fase inicial del ataque, y se dirigieron al aeródromo de Haleiwa para poder despegar en los P-40 Warhawks allí estacionados y así intentar&amp;nbsp; interceptar a los aviones japoneses. Varios pilotos norteamericanos lograron despegar de Wheeler Field, derribado a algunos de los aviones enemigos ese día.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unidades basadas.&lt;br /&gt;14th PW HQ inactivated at January 23, 1942&lt;br /&gt;18th PG, 19th PS (P-40) prewar - February 20, 1942 Bellows Field&lt;br /&gt;18th FG HQ ? - March 11, 1943 Espiritu Santo&lt;br /&gt;18th FG, 73rd FS (P-40) ? - May 22, 1942 Kualoa Field&lt;br /&gt;11th BG, 26th BS (B-17) ? - July 19, 1942 to SoPac May 11, 43 trs B-24 Nov 11, 43 Nukufetau&lt;br /&gt;18th FG, 6th FS (P-40) ? - August 30, 1942 to Kahuku&lt;br /&gt;307th BG, 371st BS (B-24) US Nov 2, Dec 21-26 1942 Midway Feb 6-12, 43 Canton. April 18-23, 43 Funafuti&lt;br /&gt;58th BS (A-24) ? - June 18, 1943 Canton&lt;br /&gt;318th FG, 72nd FS (P-39) ? - July 25, 43 Hilo Field. Returns Oct 21-Dec 18, 43 Makin&lt;br /&gt;30th BG, 819th BS (B-24) Barking Sands Nov 12, 43 - July 25, 44- March 17, 45 &lt;br /&gt;Saipan returns&lt;br /&gt;7th FW, 21st FG activated April 21 - June 3, 1944 Bellows Field&lt;br /&gt;21st FG HQ ? - October 13, 44 Mokuleia Field&lt;br /&gt;41st BG, 48th BS (B-25) Makin Oct 14, 1944 - May 20, 45 Okinawa&lt;br /&gt;41st BG, 396th BS (B-25) Makin Oct 14, 1944 - May 20, 45 Okinawa&lt;br /&gt;41st BG, 820th BS (B-25) Makin Oct 14, 1944 - May 20, 45 Okinawa&lt;br /&gt;30th BG, 27th BS (B-24) Kahuku May 23, 1945&lt;br /&gt;30th BG, 392nd BS (B-24) Kahuku May 23, 1945&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hoy día se sigue manteniendo la hilera de hangares y el diseño de la pista de 1941. Existe una réplica de un P-40 que está estacionado en la puerta de Kawamura, cerca de la autopista Hamehameha de marcas Ken Taylor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6jz768McWKQ/TxKR9-XEipI/AAAAAAAAC-c/ZWT_Oeb21S4/s1600/wheelerfield7dec41.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="283" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6jz768McWKQ/TxKR9-XEipI/AAAAAAAAC-c/ZWT_Oeb21S4/s400/wheelerfield7dec41.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 85%; line-height: 116%;"&gt;El día del ataque japonés&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uxkWH2KDj_k/TxKSmxWwnwI/AAAAAAAAC-0/C-i_a6iN1Uo/s1600/nps-0285-600x465.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="310" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uxkWH2KDj_k/TxKSmxWwnwI/AAAAAAAAC-0/C-i_a6iN1Uo/s400/nps-0285-600x465.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is located on Kamehameha Highway, Through Schofield Barracks and was built before the war. On December 7, 1941 at Wheeler Field, pilots Ken Taylor and George Welch observed the initial phase of the attack, and went to Haleiwa Field to take off in the P-40 Warhawks to intercept the Japanese planes. Several American pilots took off from Wheeler Field, and the enemy planes shot down that day.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Based units.&lt;br /&gt;14th PW HQ inactivated at January 23, 1942&lt;br /&gt;18th PG, 19th PS (P-40) prewar - February 20, 1942 Bellows Field&lt;br /&gt;18th FG HQ ? - March 11, 1943 Espiritu Santo&lt;br /&gt;18th FG, 73rd FS (P-40) ? - May 22, 1942 Kualoa Field&lt;br /&gt;11th BG, 26th BS (B-17) ? - July 19, 1942 to SoPac May 11, 43 trs B-24 Nov 11, 43 Nukufetau&lt;br /&gt;18th FG, 6th FS (P-40) ? - August 30, 1942 to Kahuku&lt;br /&gt;307th BG, 371st BS (B-24) US Nov 2, Dec 21-26 1942 Midway Feb 6-12, 43 Canton. April 18-23, 43 Funafuti&lt;br /&gt;58th BS (A-24) ? - June 18, 1943 Canton&lt;br /&gt;318th FG, 72nd FS (P-39) ? - July 25, 43 Hilo Field. Returns Oct 21-Dec 18, 43 Makin&lt;br /&gt;30th BG, 819th BS (B-24) Barking Sands Nov 12, 43 - July 25, 44- March 17, 45 &lt;br /&gt;Saipan returns&lt;br /&gt;7th FW, 21st FG activated April 21 - June 3, 1944 Bellows Field&lt;br /&gt;21st FG HQ ? - October 13, 44 Mokuleia Field&lt;br /&gt;41st BG, 48th BS (B-25) Makin Oct 14, 1944 - May 20, 45 Okinawa&lt;br /&gt;41st BG, 396th BS (B-25) Makin Oct 14, 1944 - May 20, 45 Okinawa&lt;br /&gt;41st BG, 820th BS (B-25) Makin Oct 14, 1944 - May 20, 45 Okinawa&lt;br /&gt;30th BG, 27th BS (B-24) Kahuku May 23, 1945&lt;br /&gt;30th BG, 392nd BS (B-24) Kahuku May 23, 1945&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Today it continues to hold the row of hangars and the design of the track in 1941. There is a replica of a P-40 is parked in front of Kawamura, near the highway Hamehameha Ken Taylor brand.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-F93X_Lu-UqY/TxKSIaG8aKI/AAAAAAAAC-k/eHyYigPxfA8/s1600/ph35.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="286" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-F93X_Lu-UqY/TxKSIaG8aKI/AAAAAAAAC-k/eHyYigPxfA8/s400/ph35.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-eqJzPxAfo9w/TxKSOWsliII/AAAAAAAAC-s/hUeOHpSuqJ8/s1600/neg1807aerialviewwheele.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="321" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-eqJzPxAfo9w/TxKSOWsliII/AAAAAAAAC-s/hUeOHpSuqJ8/s400/neg1807aerialviewwheele.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;1963&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-5490501427683204382?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/5490501427683204382/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/aerodromos-de-la-iigm-wheeler.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/5490501427683204382'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/5490501427683204382'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/aerodromos-de-la-iigm-wheeler.html' title='Aeródromos de la IIGM: Wheeler'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yhmOC-y5sOw/TxKRwu60T7I/AAAAAAAAC-U/zDv8vHZeKq4/s72-c/p26swheelerfield1930s.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-804394672597982260</id><published>2012-01-14T09:57:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-14T09:57:34.061+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ejército Soviético'/><title type='text'>ZiS-42</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;ZiS-42, el semioruga soviético&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VFbQHEZfZvA/TxFC4-4pM_I/AAAAAAAAC-E/oIO_V5dRyHk/s1600/ZIS_42_3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="231" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VFbQHEZfZvA/TxFC4-4pM_I/AAAAAAAAC-E/oIO_V5dRyHk/s400/ZIS_42_3.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Tras el fallido asalto alemán a la capital rusa se fue reactivando poco a poco el ritmo de producción de vehículos militares no blindados. La columna vertebral de ellos lo constituyeron el ZIS-5V y el ZIS-42, este último solía ser armado con una pieza antiaérea en su parte posterior de carga para proporcionar movilidad al cañón.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El diseño fue inspirado en diseños similares alemanes y franceses comenzando el&amp;nbsp; programa a finales de los años 30. El resultado fue un diseño un tanto primitivo GAZ-60 y el ZiS-22, ambos&amp;nbsp; basados en camiones civiles convencionales. En 1942 el ZiS fue combinado con una suspensión semioruga recibiendo el nombre de ZiS-42 (el número corresponde con el año del inicio de su producción). El vehículo pesaba 3 toneladas y tenía un motor de 73 hp que le proporcionaba una velocidad máxima de 45 Km/h&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cuando se le proporcionó un motor más potente y algo de protección en la parte frontal del vehículo recibió el nombre de ZiS-42M. De ambos tipos se completaron unos 6.000 vehículos hasta 1945, algunos de ellos armados con cañones anticarro de 25 o 37 mm. Sin embargo el vehículo resultó falto de potencia lo que unido a la ausencia de eje delantero le causaba dificultades en los tortuosos caminos soviéticos. &lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;Producción&lt;br /&gt;1942&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;1943&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;1944&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;1945&lt;br /&gt;752&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;2.115&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;2.334&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;1.102&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-QyCqaoDN2Dk/TxFDRsL2mdI/AAAAAAAAC-M/dWzvKNiH0js/s1600/ZIS_42_4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="253" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-QyCqaoDN2Dk/TxFDRsL2mdI/AAAAAAAAC-M/dWzvKNiH0js/s400/ZIS_42_4.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fuente:&lt;br /&gt;KIRINDAS, A. “&lt;i&gt;Polugusenichnye vezdekhody Krasnoi Armii&lt;/i&gt;”, Exprint, 2004&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After the failed German assault on the Russian capital was gradually reviving production rate unarmored military vehicles. The backbone of them were the ZIS-5V and the ZIS-42, the latter used to be armed with a piece of flak at the rear to provide mobility load the cannon.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The design was inspired by similar designs German and French starting the program in the late 30's. The result was a somewhat primitive design GAZ-60 and ZiS-22, both based on conventional civilian trucks. In 1942 ZiS suspension was combined with a half-track was given the name ZiS-42 (the number corresponds with the year of start of production). The vehicle weighed 3 tons and had a 73 hp engine gave it a maximum speed of 45 km/h&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;When given a more powerful engine and some protection in front of the vehicle was named ZIS-42M. Of both vehicles were completed around 6,000 until 1945, some of them armed with antitank guns of 25 or 37 mm. But the car was underpowered which together with the absence of front axle caused him difficulties in the tortuous paths Soviets.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Production&lt;br /&gt;1942&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1943&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1944&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1945&lt;br /&gt;752&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 2.115&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 2.334&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.102&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-IPxGgUoUo14/TxFCr0V2FSI/AAAAAAAAC98/IkwZJLpmLYw/s1600/p1sssd.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="190" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-IPxGgUoUo14/TxFCr0V2FSI/AAAAAAAAC98/IkwZJLpmLYw/s400/p1sssd.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Source:&lt;br /&gt;KIRINDAS, A. “&lt;i&gt;Polugusenichnye vezdekhody Krasnoi Armii&lt;/i&gt;”, Exprint, 2004&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-804394672597982260?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/804394672597982260/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/zis-42.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/804394672597982260'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/804394672597982260'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/zis-42.html' title='ZiS-42'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VFbQHEZfZvA/TxFC4-4pM_I/AAAAAAAAC-E/oIO_V5dRyHk/s72-c/ZIS_42_3.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-5006678244262080098</id><published>2012-01-13T09:59:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-13T10:55:28.806+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Experten alemanes'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Messerschmitt Bf 109'/><title type='text'>Experten alemanes: Max-Hellmuth Ostermann</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Leutnant &lt;/i&gt;Max-Hellmuth Ostermann&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JfhPoL4eXQ0/Tw_wD8lbHTI/AAAAAAAAC9M/U3Il5sfJbuI/s1600/Max-Hellmuth_Ostermann.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JfhPoL4eXQ0/Tw_wD8lbHTI/AAAAAAAAC9M/U3Il5sfJbuI/s400/Max-Hellmuth_Ostermann.jpg" width="248" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Nació el 11 de diciembre de 1917 en Hamburgo y se unió a la Luftwaffe en mayo de 1937 como Fahnenjunker (Oficial cadete). Inicialmente participó en la campaña de Polonia de 1939 en el ZG 1 (&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/12/bf-110-el-destructor-aereo.html"&gt;Zerstörergeschwader&lt;/a&gt; 1) hasta que en enero de 1940 fue transferido al JG 21 que estaba equipado con Bf 109.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Su primer derribo fue un Morane 406 derribado por el fuego de su Bf 109 el 20 de mayo de 1940. Durante la Batalla de Inglaterra destruyó 5 Spitfire y un Hurricane de la RAF. En Belgrado abatió a un Messerschmitt Bf 109 E yugoslavo y después fue enviado al Frente del Este cuando se produjo la invasión en el verano de 1941. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El 12 de mayo de 1942 fue el segundo piloto de la Luftwaffe en lograr los 100 derribos acreditados pero fue alcanzado y derribado en una misión con su Messerschmitt Bf 109 F-4 (W.Nr. 13125) “1 Negro” sufriendo algunas heridas en el lance. El 9 de agosto derribó un caza soviético Curtiss P-40 pero su Bf 109 G-2 (W.Nr. 10438) “1 Negro” fue a su vez alcanzado y derribado cerca de Amossovo cuando combatía con un número superior de cazas soviéticos. Fue derribado por el as soviético Arkadiy I. Sukov sobre el Lago Ilmen con su LaGG-3 (perteneciente al 41º IAP) acabando así con el máximo as hasta el momento del JG 54. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A lo largo de su servicio como piloto de caza logró abatir 102 aparatos enemigos, 8 de ellos en el Frente del Oeste.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-t-tJsIVx98U/Tw_wcGPaNRI/AAAAAAAAC9U/VN_cs2SduD0/s1600/leutnantmaxhellmuthostez.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="203" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-t-tJsIVx98U/Tw_wcGPaNRI/AAAAAAAAC9U/VN_cs2SduD0/s400/leutnantmaxhellmuthostez.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Bf 109 F-4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-z8kDtiNGL2E/Tw_wjjcX_6I/AAAAAAAAC9c/3buV3o1y8l4/s1600/leutnantmaxhellmuthostey.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="205" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-z8kDtiNGL2E/Tw_wjjcX_6I/AAAAAAAAC9c/3buV3o1y8l4/s400/leutnantmaxhellmuthostey.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fuentes:&lt;br /&gt;BERGSTRÖM, C. “&lt;i&gt;Black Cross, Red Star&lt;/i&gt;” Pacifica Military History, 2001&lt;br /&gt;BERGSTRÖM, C. “&lt;i&gt;Stalingrad – The Air Battle: 1942 through January 1943&lt;/i&gt;” Midland Publications, 2007&lt;br /&gt;FELLGIEBLE, W-P. “&lt;i&gt;Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945&lt;/i&gt;” Podzun-Pallas, 2000&lt;br /&gt;MUSCIANO, W. “&lt;i&gt;Messerschmitt Aces&lt;/i&gt;”&amp;nbsp; Tab Books, 1989&lt;br /&gt;WEAL, J. “&lt;i&gt;Bf 109 Aces of the Russian Front&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 2001&lt;br /&gt;WEAL, J. “&lt;i&gt;More Bf 109 Aces of the Russian Front&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;He was born on December 11, 1917 in Hamburg and he joined the Luftwaffe in May 1937 as Fahnenjunker (Officer Cadet). Initially participated in the Polish campaign of 1939 in the ZG 1 (&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/12/bf-110-el-destructor-aereo.html"&gt;Zerstörergeschwader &lt;/a&gt;1) until January 1940 was transferred to JG 21 which was equipped with Bf 109.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;His first throw was a Morane 406 shot down by the fire of his Bf 109 on May 20, 1940. During the Battle of Britain Spitfire and destroyed 5 Hurricane of the RAF. In Belgrade shot down a Messerschmitt Bf 109 E Yugoslav and was then sent to the Eastern Front when the invasion occurred in the summer of 1941.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PG54f4dLW1M/Tw_w5EmblHI/AAAAAAAAC9k/KyJErfbEzYM/s1600/leutnantmaxhellmuthostev.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="178" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PG54f4dLW1M/Tw_w5EmblHI/AAAAAAAAC9k/KyJErfbEzYM/s400/leutnantmaxhellmuthostev.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Lt.  Ostermann of 7./JG 54 preparing to take off with his Bf 109 F-4 "White  2". His rudder tally shows 33 victories. Russia, September 1941&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On May 12, 1942 was the second pilot of the Luftwaffe to achieve 100 accredited demolition but was hit and knocked in a mission with his Messerschmitt Bf 109 F-4 (W.Nr. 13 125) "1 Black" suffering some injuries the cast. On August 9 Soviet fighter shot down a Curtiss P-40 but the Bf 109 G-2 (W.Nr. 10 438) "1 Black" was in turn hit and shot down near Amossovo when he fought with a larger number of Soviet fighters. He was shot down by Soviet ace Arkadiy I. On Lake Ilmen Sukov with LaGG-3 (belonging to 41º IPA) ending with the maximum as well until the time of JG 54.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Throughout his service as a fighter pilot managed to bring down 102 enemy aircraft, 8 of them on the Western Front.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wX_Jlf1OINE/Tw_xPEu8QeI/AAAAAAAAC9s/Gar7VUIpmsU/s1600/ER-CV-18.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="157" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wX_Jlf1OINE/Tw_xPEu8QeI/AAAAAAAAC9s/Gar7VUIpmsU/s400/ER-CV-18.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;This had&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;been&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Messerschmitt&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Max&lt;/span&gt;-Hellmuth &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Ostermann&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;on&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the previous occasion&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;he had&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;been&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;knocked down and the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;May 12, 1942&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-R_57XzT3E6U/Tw_xijm4mwI/AAAAAAAAC90/aEAvZraGXMg/s1600/ER-CV-16.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-R_57XzT3E6U/Tw_xijm4mwI/AAAAAAAAC90/aEAvZraGXMg/s400/ER-CV-16.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sources:&lt;br /&gt;BERGSTRÖM, C. “&lt;i&gt;Black Cross, Red Star&lt;/i&gt;” Pacifica Military History, 2001&lt;br /&gt;BERGSTRÖM, C. “&lt;i&gt;Stalingrad – The Air Battle: 1942 through January 1943&lt;/i&gt;” Midland Publications, 2007&lt;br /&gt;FELLGIEBLE, W-P. “&lt;i&gt;Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945&lt;/i&gt;” Podzun-Pallas, 2000&lt;br /&gt;MUSCIANO, W. “&lt;i&gt;Messerschmitt Aces&lt;/i&gt;”&amp;nbsp; Tab Books, 1989&lt;br /&gt;WEAL, J. “&lt;i&gt;Bf 109 Aces of the Russian Front&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 2001&lt;br /&gt;WEAL, J. “&lt;i&gt;More Bf 109 Aces of the Russian Front&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 2007&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-5006678244262080098?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/5006678244262080098/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/experten-alemanes-max-hellmuth.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/5006678244262080098'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/5006678244262080098'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/experten-alemanes-max-hellmuth.html' title='Experten alemanes: Max-Hellmuth Ostermann'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JfhPoL4eXQ0/Tw_wD8lbHTI/AAAAAAAAC9M/U3Il5sfJbuI/s72-c/Max-Hellmuth_Ostermann.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-2459598517841118884</id><published>2012-01-12T09:25:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-12T09:25:55.041+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ejército Soviético'/><title type='text'>El leviatán soviético T-35</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Carro pesado multitorretas T-35&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OMoTZ9kQsuU/Tw6WJ536O5I/AAAAAAAAC8E/mSj9pfdKOsU/s1600/p68l.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="248" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OMoTZ9kQsuU/Tw6WJ536O5I/AAAAAAAAC8E/mSj9pfdKOsU/s400/p68l.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En 1933 apareció un sustituto para el carro de combate T-32 bajo la denominación de T-35. Disponía de nada menos que cinco torretas con un blindaje de 10 mm y armadas con ametralladoras y un cañón de 37 mm. Posteriormente en 1935 el cañón de 37 mm se reemplazó por uno de 45 mm proporcionando más potencia ofensiva. Su bautismo de fuego tuvo lugar durante la Guerra de invierno contra Finlandia, 1939-40, donde la experiencia de combate dictó nuevas modificaciones. Se eliminaron dos torretas armadas con ametralladoras mientras que en las torretas delanteras se instaló una ametralladora y un cañón de 45 mm. Cuando el Ejército alemán invadió Rusia en el verano de 1941 aún quedaban 48 de estos mastodontes en servicio, sin embargo tuvieron poco impacto debido a su excesivo peso, lentitud y escaso blindaje.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El modelo más conocido de la serie fue el T-35 modelo 1935, que entró en las cadenas de montaje en 1935 y en 1938 construyéndose un total de 35. El armamento principal era el cañón L-10 de 76´2 mm derivado del mejorado cañón regimental modelo 27/32. Las nuevas torretas, anteriormente mencionadas, eran de dos hombres lo que aumentaba la dotación hasta los 11 hombres y el peso hasta las 45 toneladas. Respondiendo al hecho de que eran acorazados terrestres disponían de una gran cantidad de munición; 96-100 proyectiles del cañón principal, 76´2 mm, 225 de 45 mm para los dos cañones de este calibre y&amp;nbsp; 9.230 cartuchos para las 6 ametralladoras de 7´62 mm.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-P7RBmY9vcBY/Tw6WgjpdnbI/AAAAAAAAC8M/Jx1gwldW9NE/s1600/T-35_model_1935.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="268" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-P7RBmY9vcBY/Tw6WgjpdnbI/AAAAAAAAC8M/Jx1gwldW9NE/s400/T-35_model_1935.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Soldados alemanes posan sobre un T-35 abandonado&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Inicialmente todos los T-35 se asignaron a dos batallones independientes bajo el mando de la Reserva del Mando Supremo, pero durante la reorganización de las fuerzas acorazadas de 1938 fueron reunidos en la 5º Brigada de Carros de Combate Pesados. Se formaron también tres brigadas similares, pero al no disponer de más carros de combate pesados estas unidades fueron equipadas con el carro medio T-28. Los efectivos nominales de la 5º Brigada eran de 94 T-35, 44 carros BT y 10 carros lanallamas. Esto no llegó a realizarse ya que sólo había disponibles 60 T-35 de modo que el resto fue completado con vehículos T-28.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La producción del T-35 fue inconstante en número; 2 en 1933, 10 en 1934, 7 en 1935, 15 en 1936, 10 en 1937, 11 en 1938 y 6 en 1939. En el sector sur estaban desplegados al menos 18 de estos vehículos (8 de ellos con el 67º Regimiento Acorazado y el resto con el 68º Reg. Aco.) pero se perdió el 90% de ellos por problemas mecánicos. La última acción de los T-35 tuvo&amp;nbsp; lugar en la batalla por Moscú en el invierno de 1941.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vI6ilnqgVo4/Tw6Xu-w6LZI/AAAAAAAAC8s/cGygkbR6fRk/s1600/T-35_04.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="135" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vI6ilnqgVo4/Tw6Xu-w6LZI/AAAAAAAAC8s/cGygkbR6fRk/s400/T-35_04.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-oOqxiVnIFBQ/Tw6W9WPJHqI/AAAAAAAAC8U/7v3zW2gdQVc/s1600/alg35004_1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="236" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-oOqxiVnIFBQ/Tw6W9WPJHqI/AAAAAAAAC8U/7v3zW2gdQVc/s400/alg35004_1.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Fuente:&lt;br /&gt;ORMEÑO, J. “&lt;a href="http://www.libreria-almena.com/AlmenaEdnovedadesDic2011.htm"&gt;Las batallas de Kharkov. Los medios acorazados soviéticos 1941-43&lt;/a&gt;” Almena, 2011&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1933 appeared a substitute for tank T-32 under the name T-35. It had no less than five turrets with 10-mm armor and armed with machine guns and one 37 mm cannon. Later in 1935 the 37 mm cannon was replaced by a 45 mm providing more offensive power. His baptism of fire took place during the Winter War against Finland, 1939-40, where the experience of combat issued new amendments. It eliminated two machine gun turrets while the front turrets installed a machine gun and a 45 mm cannon. When the German Army invaded Russia in the summer of 1941 there were still 48 of these behemoths in service, but had little impact due to its excessive weight, slow and low armor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The best-known model in the series was the T-35 model 1935, which came into the assembly in 1935 and in 1938 built a total of 35. The main armament was the barrel L-10 of 76'2 mm regimental gun derived from the improved model 27/32. The new turrets, above, were two men which increased the allocation to the 11 men and the weight to 45 tons. Responding to the fact that land possessed battleships were a lot of ammunition; 96-100 main gun rounds, 76'2 mm, 225 45 mm for the two guns of this caliber and 9230 cartridges for machine guns 7'62 mm.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-PkXUo60WLho/Tw6XUdNascI/AAAAAAAAC8c/q8jP2y3E7SM/s1600/T-35_01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="201" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-PkXUo60WLho/Tw6XUdNascI/AAAAAAAAC8c/q8jP2y3E7SM/s400/T-35_01.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Initially all the T-35 were assigned to two separate battalions under the command of the Supreme Command Reserve, but during the reorganization of the armored forces were assembled in 1938, the 5th Tank Brigade Heavy Combat. Three brigades were also formed similar, but in the absence of more heavy tanks were equipped with these drives the car half T-28. The nominal effective the 5th Brigade were 94 T-35, 44 cars and 10 trucks lanallamas BT. This was not carried out because there were only 60 T-35 available so that the rest was completed T-28 vehicles.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The production of T-35 was variable in number, 2 in 1933, 10 in 1934, 7 in 1935, 15 in 1936, 10 in 1937, 11 in 1938 and 6 in 1939. In the southern sector were deployed at least 18 of these vehicles (8 of them with the 67th Armor Regiment and the rest with the 68 th Reg Aco.) But lost 90% of them due to mechanical problems. The last action of the T-35 took place in the battle for Moscow in the winter of 1941.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-0EqvOfZ6iIE/Tw6Xh720d3I/AAAAAAAAC8k/JKIy6meekNU/s1600/T-35_02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-0EqvOfZ6iIE/Tw6Xh720d3I/AAAAAAAAC8k/JKIy6meekNU/s400/T-35_02.jpg" width="316" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NiAKAZ8ellI/Tw6X52Dr7LI/AAAAAAAAC80/3ENYwufY-gI/s1600/p69lff.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NiAKAZ8ellI/Tw6X52Dr7LI/AAAAAAAAC80/3ENYwufY-gI/s400/p69lff.gif" width="315" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Source:&lt;br /&gt;ORMEÑO, J. “&lt;a href="http://www.libreria-almena.com/AlmenaEdnovedadesDic2011.htm"&gt;Las batallas de Kharkov. Los medios acorazados soviéticos 1941-43&lt;/a&gt;” Almena, 2011 &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-2459598517841118884?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/2459598517841118884/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/el-leviatan-sovietico-t-35.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/2459598517841118884'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/2459598517841118884'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/el-leviatan-sovietico-t-35.html' title='El leviatán soviético T-35'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OMoTZ9kQsuU/Tw6WJ536O5I/AAAAAAAAC8E/mSj9pfdKOsU/s72-c/p68l.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-2822355752617776337</id><published>2012-01-11T07:51:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-11T12:41:01.939+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Kriegsmarine'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><title type='text'>El descubrimiento del Graf Zeppelin</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;El descubrimiento del &lt;i&gt;Graf Zeppelin&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bZWx1M0kkZw/Tw0ve5sAbVI/AAAAAAAAC60/sVMsnxnCSrQ/s1600/grafzeppelin33io.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bZWx1M0kkZw/Tw0ve5sAbVI/AAAAAAAAC60/sVMsnxnCSrQ/s400/grafzeppelin33io.jpg" width="247" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;El Graf Zeppelin fue el único e inacabado portaaviones alemán de la Segunda Guerra Mundial desaparecido desde 1947 y recientemente descubierto por la Marina polaca en las frías y profundas aguas del Mar Báltico. Durante 59 años se ha desconocido por completo su lugar de reposo sin embargo un equipo de prospección de la petrolera polaca “Petrobaltic” se topó con sus restos durante una exploración en la zona en 2006. Los restos del Graf Zeppelin yacen a 55 kilómetros del puerto de Vladislavovo y a una profundidad de 80 metros.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Desde el inicio del proyecto el Graf Zeppelin estuvo acompañado por la mala suerte tanto fue así que ni si quiera fue terminado. Los trabajos se iniciaron en 1936 con una eslora de 262 metros y 36 metros de ancho. Para su propulsión se contaría con los motores más potentes de la época que le otorgaría una velocidad de 33 nudos. El portaaviones contaría con una dotación de 40 aparatos (28 bombarderos en picado &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/12/versiones-del-stuka.html"&gt;Junkers Ju 87C&lt;/a&gt; y 12 cazas &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/06/series-experimentales-bf-109-t.html"&gt;Messerschmitt Bf 109 T&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tras el estallido de la guerra se decidió dar prioridad a la construcción de subarminos, hecho que se reforzó cuando el portaaviones británico HMS Ark Royal fue torpedeado y hundido por el U-81 en el Mediterráneo. El Graf Zeppelin fue remolcado a Gdansk y relegado a un almacén de la Kriegsmarine. Tras el desastre del portaaviones británico, con un 85% construido y una inversión de 100 millones de Reichsmark el proyecto fue finalmente cancelado, a todas luces, un grave error. Sin embargo la supremacía aérea aliada de 1944 le hubiera llevado al fondo del mar junto con su tripulación.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ykK40JN2AKs/Tw0v3ZnErMI/AAAAAAAAC68/HYzrqemrHtw/s1600/03_graf_zeppelin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="265" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ykK40JN2AKs/Tw0v3ZnErMI/AAAAAAAAC68/HYzrqemrHtw/s400/03_graf_zeppelin.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En 1942 el Graf Zeppelin fue remolcado de regreso al Báltico y encallado en u brazo de río Oder. Se trata de inutilizarlo para que el Ejército Soviético fuese incapaz de utilizarlo pero tras la guerra los ingenieros soviéticos parchearon su casco tras lo cual su uso y destino se cubrió con un impenetrable velo de misterio. Desde entonces se ha especulado mucho sobre el tema. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Algunas versiones afirman que se hundió tras chocar contra una mina, los rumores locales hablan de que fue cargado con botín de guerra hasta los topes provocando su hundimiento por el excesivo peso. Sin embargo, la versión más probable mantiene que el 14 de agosto de 1947 la Marina soviética lo usó como conejillo de indias para averiguar la forma más efectiva de hundir un portaaviones. El Graf Zeppelin soportó la detonación de varias bombas colocadas a bordo pero finalmente sucumbió al ser torpedeado. La localización exacta de estas maniobras se mantuvo en secreto hasta ahora. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tras la confirmación del hundimiento ya que el derecho marítimo internacional indica que es propiedad de Alemania que espera qué hacer con los restos. La Marina polaca se pronunció sobre el hallazgo diciendo que era imposible reflotar al Graf Zeppelin.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wK294nva7rc/Tw0wAIfjbfI/AAAAAAAAC7E/0u6w6hz4QTM/s1600/grafzwreck.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="180" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wK294nva7rc/Tw0wAIfjbfI/AAAAAAAAC7E/0u6w6hz4QTM/s400/grafzwreck.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;br /&gt;ULLRICH, I. “Graf Zeppelin - Einziger Deutscher Flugzeugträger” Verlag Koehler/Mittler 1994&lt;br /&gt;SIEGFRIED, B. “The German Aircraft Carrier Graf Zeppelin” Schiffer, 1989&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Graf Zeppelin was the only German aircraft carrier and unfinished World War II missing since 1947 and recently discovered by Polish Navy in the cold, deep waters of the Baltic Sea. For 59 years it has been completely unknown resting place but a team of Polish oil prospecting "Petrobaltic" ran into his body during an exploration in the area in 2006. The wreckage of the Graf Zeppelin lie 55 kilometers from the port of Vladislava at a depth of 80 meters.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Since the beginning of the project the Graf Zeppelin was accompanied by bad luck so much so that not even was completed. Work began in 1936 with a length of 262 meters and 36 meters wide. For propulsion engines would have the most powerful of the time that would give a speed of 33 knots. The carrier would have a supply of 40 aircraft (28 dive bombers &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/12/versiones-del-stuka.html"&gt;Junkers Ju 87C&lt;/a&gt; and 12 &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/06/series-experimentales-bf-109-t.html"&gt;Messerschmitt Bf 109 T&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cBTMa2TMafc/Tw0wMutqmaI/AAAAAAAAC7M/u6jGJcLsR7E/s1600/grafzeppelin_00xx2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="275" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cBTMa2TMafc/Tw0wMutqmaI/AAAAAAAAC7M/u6jGJcLsR7E/s400/grafzeppelin_00xx2.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Following the outbreak of war decided to give priority to building subarminos, a fact that was reinforced when the British aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal was torpedoed and sunk by U-81 in the Mediterranean. The Graf Zeppelin was towed to Gdansk and relegated to a storeroom of the Kriegsmarine. After the disaster of the British aircraft carrier, with 85% built and an investment of 100 million Reichsmark the project was eventually canceled, obviously, a serious error. But Allied air supremacy in 1944 would have taken the bottom of the sea with his crew.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1942 the Graf Zeppelin was towed back to the Baltic or arm stuck in the river Oder. It is unusable for the Soviet Army was unable to use it but after the war Soviet engineers patched his helmet after which its use and destination are covered with an impenetrable veil of mystery. Since then there has been much speculation on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Some versions say that sank after hitting a mine, local rumors are saying that was loaded with the spoils of war to the brim causing it to sink by the excessive weight. However, the most likely version maintains that the August 14, 1947 the Soviet Navy used it as a guinea pig to determine the most effective way to sink an aircraft carrier. The Graf Zeppelin endured the detonation of several bombs placed on board, but finally succumbed to being torpedoed. The exact location of these maneuvers was kept secret until now.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After confirmation of collapse since international maritime law indicates that it is owned by Germany hopes to do with the remains. The Polish Navy decided on the finding, saying it was impossible to refloat the Graf Zeppelin.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-UiR6GaVhYkY/Tw0wyWRfsbI/AAAAAAAAC7k/kB1kYkH2gOc/s1600/Flugzeugtrger%252520%252520Graf%252520Zeppelin.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="225" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-UiR6GaVhYkY/Tw0wyWRfsbI/AAAAAAAAC7k/kB1kYkH2gOc/s400/Flugzeugtrger%252520%252520Graf%252520Zeppelin.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-q88Ki0B7JvY/Tw0wXkKo9xI/AAAAAAAAC7U/rHonpx8WWug/s1600/grafhasm25.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-r3nnpSUHr4U/Tw0whYxQRLI/AAAAAAAAC7c/niFZT0Imvs0/s1600/graf_zeppelin_ldddavender_01a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="258" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-r3nnpSUHr4U/Tw0whYxQRLI/AAAAAAAAC7c/niFZT0Imvs0/s400/graf_zeppelin_ldddavender_01a.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-XfUKmwe1gos/Tw0xFfxqrYI/AAAAAAAAC70/7-Vedj3uHyk/s1600/Graf+Zeppelinkkvkv.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-XfUKmwe1gos/Tw0xFfxqrYI/AAAAAAAAC70/7-Vedj3uHyk/s400/Graf+Zeppelinkkvkv.JPG" width="228" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sources:&lt;br /&gt;ULLRICH, I. “Graf Zeppelin - Einziger Deutscher Flugzeugträger” Verlag Koehler/Mittler 1994&lt;br /&gt;SIEGFRIED, B. “The German Aircraft Carrier Graf Zeppelin” Schiffer, 1989&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-2822355752617776337?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/2822355752617776337/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/el-descubrimiento-del-graf-zeppelin.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/2822355752617776337'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/2822355752617776337'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/el-descubrimiento-del-graf-zeppelin.html' title='El descubrimiento del Graf Zeppelin'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bZWx1M0kkZw/Tw0ve5sAbVI/AAAAAAAAC60/sVMsnxnCSrQ/s72-c/grafzeppelin33io.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-3019693237657740077</id><published>2012-01-10T09:02:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-10T11:07:12.051+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Panzerwaffe'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Vehículos en movimiento'/><title type='text'>Vehículos en movimiento: PzKpfw VI Tiger</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;Vehículos de la II Guerra Mundial en movimiento: PzKpfw VI Tiger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pMxoaR5GAqs/Twvvo6964pI/AAAAAAAAC6k/ZOHS3yVR9r8/s1600/tigres.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="255" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pMxoaR5GAqs/Twvvo6964pI/AAAAAAAAC6k/ZOHS3yVR9r8/s400/tigres.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;La capacidad para superar obstáculos y rodar campo a través era una buena o mejor que la de la mayoría de los carros alemanes y aliados. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;El Tiger I experimentó inicialmente numerosos problemas de automoción que requirieron una serie continua de pequeñas modificaciones para corregirlos. Estos problemas pueden atribuirse a tres causas principales: frenos de dimensiones inadecuadas, sellados y juntas que perdían y un tren de rodaje sobrecargado. Tras la modificación de estos elementos clave, y con conductores experimentados que observen las necesidades de mantenimiento, el Tiger I podía mantenerse en una condición operativa satisfactoria.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: small;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: small;"&gt;El primer Tiger de serie, Fgst Nr. 250001 con motor Nr 46042, fue rodado sólo 25 Km por Henschel antes de ser enviado a Kummersdorft para las pruebas. Durante un viaje de prueba, el 28 de mayo de 1942, sólo con 52 Km en el cuentakilómetros, se produjo un bloqueo de la dirección. Este Tiger acabó rápidamente con el motor original y con dos de repuesto del 1 al 3 de julio. Y siendo equipado con un cuarto motor el día 13 de ese mismo mes. Para el 3 de agosto ese Tiger había recorrido un total de 1.046 Km; el 31 de marzo de 1943, 5.623 Km y el 31 de julio de 1943 eran ya 7.736 Km. Estas cifras demuestran claramente que, una vez superados los problemas iniciales, el Tiger era capaz de soportar una gran cantidad de malos tratos, administrados a propósito durante los programas de prueba.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/K58Stu13bPs" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/FfhWekaxPWY" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/12/tacticas-de-los-tiger.html"&gt;Los Tiger en la batalla de Kursk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Fuente: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;JENTZ, T &amp;amp; DOYLE, H.“&lt;i&gt;Tiger I heavy tank 1942-1945&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1993&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;English version&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;The ability&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to overcome obstacles&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and roll&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;across the field&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a good or better&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;than&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;most&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;German cars&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and allies.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Tiger&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;I&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;initially experienced&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;numerous&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;automotive&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;problems&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;requiring&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a continuous series of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;small changes&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to correct them.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;These problems can&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;be attributed to three&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;main causes:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;inadequate&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;size&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;brakes&lt;/span&gt;, seals &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and gaskets&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;that&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;lost and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;running gear&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;overloaded.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;After&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;modifying these&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;key elements, and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with experienced drivers&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to observe the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;maintenance needs&lt;/span&gt;, the &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Tiger&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;I&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;kept in a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;satisfactory&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;operating condition&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-owcG7NhtHrI/TwvvystcxZI/AAAAAAAAC6s/Z7jAf3hRbRY/s1600/tigre31.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="281" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-owcG7NhtHrI/TwvvystcxZI/AAAAAAAAC6s/Z7jAf3hRbRY/s400/tigre31.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;Tiger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;'s first &lt;span class="hps"&gt;series,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;powered&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Fgst&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Nr&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Nr&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;46042&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;250001&lt;/span&gt;, was shot &lt;span class="hps"&gt;just 25&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;miles per&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Henschel&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;before being&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;sent to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Kummersdorft&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;for testing.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;During&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;one&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;trip,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;May 28, 1942&lt;/span&gt;, only &lt;span class="hps"&gt;52&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;km&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;on the odometer&lt;/span&gt;, there was a &lt;span class="hps"&gt;steering lock&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;This&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Tiger&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;quickly finished&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with the original engine&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and two&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;spare&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1 to 3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;July.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;And being&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;equipped with a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;fourth engine&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;on 13&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;that same month.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;For the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;August 3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;that&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Tiger&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;had&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;traveled a total&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of 1,046&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;km&lt;/span&gt;, the &lt;span class="hps"&gt;March 31, 1943&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="hps"&gt;5623&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;km and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;July 31, 1943&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;7736&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;were&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Km&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;These&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;figures clearly show that&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="hps"&gt;after overcoming the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;initial problems&lt;/span&gt;, the &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Tiger&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was able to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;withstand a great deal&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of abuse,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;given&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the way&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;during the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;test programs.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/KrIAGtKvSNA" width="420"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2010/12/tacticas-de-los-tiger.html"&gt;Los Tiger en la batalla de Kursk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Source: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;JENTZ, T &amp;amp; DOYLE, H.“&lt;i&gt;Tiger I heavy tank 1942-1945&lt;/i&gt;” Osprey, 1993&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-3019693237657740077?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/3019693237657740077/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/vehiculos-en-movimiento-pzkpwf-vi-tiger.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3019693237657740077'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3019693237657740077'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/vehiculos-en-movimiento-pzkpwf-vi-tiger.html' title='Vehículos en movimiento: PzKpfw VI Tiger'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pMxoaR5GAqs/Twvvo6964pI/AAAAAAAAC6k/ZOHS3yVR9r8/s72-c/tigres.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-3637605364472332099</id><published>2012-01-09T15:01:00.002+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-09T21:14:45.107+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Guerra Submarina'/><title type='text'>Las guaridas de los Lobos Grises (III)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boote. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;Saint-Nazaire&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-S30hIERF9Xk/Twrw3CBVgVI/AAAAAAAAC6E/GiDbNPuhVeA/s1600/1168090405225047.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-S30hIERF9Xk/Twrw3CBVgVI/AAAAAAAAC6E/GiDbNPuhVeA/s400/1168090405225047.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Fue el hogar de dos flotillas, la 6º “Humdius” y 7º Unterseebootsflotille “Wegener”, sin duda alguna la más famosa por tener entre sus filas al &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/los-mejores-capitanes-de-u-boot-ii.html"&gt;U-47 de Günther Prien&lt;/a&gt;, el héroe de Scapa Flow. El teniente de navío Endrass, segundo comandante del submarino, pintó en la torre de la nave la insignia que haría famosa a toda la flotilla. Un toro, con los cuernos a ras de tierra, el rabo levantado, que echaba chorros de vapor por el hocico y se prepara para embestir. Endrass mandaría más tarde el U-567, también de la 7º Unterseebootsflotille, hundido al norte de las Azores en diciembre de 1941.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Abundaron los experten en Saint-Nazaire, entre ellos el &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises.html%20http://www.ww2talk.com/forum/war-sea/8201-u-boat-pens-2.html"&gt;U-48&lt;/a&gt;, que llegó a ser número uno en hundimientos, con 54 buques, totalizando 322.378 toneladas de registro bruto, durante la guerra. También la base de Saint-Nazaire resistió el ataque aliado rindiéndose tras finalizar la guerra. Antes fue disuelta la 6º Unterseebootsflotille y la 7º fue enviada a Noruega. Cuando fue ocupada por tropas francesas encontraron en sus refugios al U-510, un navío del tipo IX-C, que sirvió a la Marina francesa de 1946 a 1963.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-1FpZMdefam8/TwrxLEzl_2I/AAAAAAAAC6M/TWp-u5BfovI/s1600/twotypeviisundergorefitaq5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="217" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-1FpZMdefam8/TwrxLEzl_2I/AAAAAAAAC6M/TWp-u5BfovI/s400/twotypeviisundergorefitaq5.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Dos U-Boote tipo VII en el interior de la protección de St. Nazaire.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;NIESTLE, A. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;German U-Boot losses during World War II &lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;BLAIR, C. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Hitler´s U-Boat war&lt;/i&gt;” Random House, 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;WYNN, K. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;U-Boat operations of the Second World War&lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises.html"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boote. Lorient, el fondeadero de los experten.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/12/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises-ii.html"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boote. La Pallice &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/04/los-mejores-capitanes-de-u-boot-i.html"&gt;Los mejores capitanes de los Lobos Grises&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;English version&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;It was&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the home of two&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;fleets,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the 6th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hpsatn"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;Humdius" &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and 7&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Unterseebootsflotille&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hpsatn"&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;Wegener" &lt;span class="hps"&gt;undoubtedly&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the most&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;famous for having&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;among&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;its ranks the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/los-mejores-capitanes-de-u-boot-ii.html"&gt; U-47of Günther Prien&lt;/a&gt;, hero of &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Scapa&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Flow.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Endrass&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;lieutenant&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="hps"&gt;deputy commander&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the submarine,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;painted&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;on the tower&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the ship&lt;/span&gt;'s &lt;span class="hps"&gt;insignia&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;made ​​famous&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;throughout the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;fleet.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;One bull&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with horns&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at ground level&lt;/span&gt;, the tail &lt;span class="hps"&gt;raised&lt;/span&gt;, which &lt;span class="hps"&gt;threw&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;jets of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;steam through the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;mouth&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and prepares to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;charge.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Send&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Endrass&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;later the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;-567, also from &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the 7th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Unterseebootsflotille&lt;/span&gt;, sunk &lt;span class="hps"&gt;north of the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Azores&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in December&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1941.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;There were many&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;experts in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Saint&lt;/span&gt;-Nazaire, including the &lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises.html%20http://www.ww2talk.com/forum/war-sea/8201-u-boat-pens-2.html"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;-48&lt;/a&gt;, which &lt;span class="hps"&gt;reached number&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;one in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;subsidence,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;54 ships&lt;/span&gt;, totaling &lt;span class="hps"&gt;322,378&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;gross tons&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;during the war&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Also the base&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Saint&lt;/span&gt;-Nazaire &lt;span class="hps"&gt;resisted&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;surrendering&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the Allied attack&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;after the war&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Was dissolved&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;before&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the 6&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and 7&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Unterseebootsflotille&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was sent&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to Norway.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;When it was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;occupied by French troops&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in their shelters&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;found&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the U&lt;/span&gt;-510, a vessel &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the type&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;IX&lt;/span&gt;-C, &lt;span class="hps"&gt;who served the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;French Navy&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;from 1946 to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1963.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-U8sS8DveNEU/TwrxZdDJPJI/AAAAAAAAC6U/x9KxoBMgQpA/s1600/leu552devantlesalvolesdaq1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="188" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-U8sS8DveNEU/TwrxZdDJPJI/AAAAAAAAC6U/x9KxoBMgQpA/s400/leu552devantlesalvolesdaq1.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;-552&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at the gates of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Saint&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=""&gt;-Nazaire.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mNCRNTwHmX0/Twrx1fG8lcI/AAAAAAAAC6c/0BSs5tYvEKc/s1600/StNaz_pens.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="260" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mNCRNTwHmX0/Twrx1fG8lcI/AAAAAAAAC6c/0BSs5tYvEKc/s400/StNaz_pens.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Sources:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;NIESTLE, A. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;German U-Boot losses during World War II &lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;BLAIR, C. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Hitler´s U-Boat war&lt;/i&gt;” Random House, 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;WYNN, K. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;U-Boat operations of the Second World War&lt;/i&gt;” Naval Institute Press 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/05/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises.html"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boote. Lorient, el fondeadero de los experten.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/12/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises-ii.html"&gt;Bases francesas de los U-Boote. La Pallice &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;a href="http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/04/los-mejores-capitanes-de-u-boot-i.html"&gt;Los mejores capitanes de los Lobos Grises&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-3637605364472332099?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/3637605364472332099/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises-iii.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3637605364472332099'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3637605364472332099'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/las-guaridas-de-los-lobos-grises-iii.html' title='Las guaridas de los Lobos Grises (III)'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-S30hIERF9Xk/Twrw3CBVgVI/AAAAAAAAC6E/GiDbNPuhVeA/s72-c/1168090405225047.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-7699502772626260981</id><published>2012-01-05T10:05:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-05T10:05:22.805+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><title type='text'>Carguero alemán Goslar</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20.0pt;"&gt;Carguero alemán &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Goslar&lt;/i&gt; hundido en el río&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-uS27zCqZJQ0/TwVnczT7kHI/AAAAAAAAC5w/upIIMqWOjf4/s1600/Goslar0.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="141" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-uS27zCqZJQ0/TwVnczT7kHI/AAAAAAAAC5w/upIIMqWOjf4/s400/Goslar0.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;A finales de agosto de 1939 una estación de radio alemana situada en &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Norddeich transmitió la orden a todos los capitanes de barcos mercantes alemanes para proceder a toda velocidad y con premura hacia el puerto neutral más cercano en un plazo de 4 días que no fuese en Estados Unidos. El carguero alemán &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Goslar&lt;/i&gt;, de 6.000 toneladas, zarpó de inmediato de un puerto estadounidense con rumbo a Surinam, en manos de los Países Bajos que por aquellas fechas era neutral. El 5 de septiembre de 1939 el &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Goslar&lt;/i&gt; alcanzó el puerto de Paramaribo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;A su llegada a Surinam no fue inspeccionado por las autoridades holandesas ya que no había ninguna fuerza naval de ese país en aquel puerto. Sin embargo, su radio fue desactivada como medida de precaución. En esos momentos la tripulación del &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Goslar&lt;/i&gt; estaba compuesta por 16 alemanes y 38 chinos que trataron de obtener asilo en Lloyd.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-82jzQ2qrS5A/TwVnlT0yzoI/AAAAAAAAC58/YWMwisTwnUo/s1600/Goslar0.1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="267" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-82jzQ2qrS5A/TwVnlT0yzoI/AAAAAAAAC58/YWMwisTwnUo/s400/Goslar0.1.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;El 10 de mayo de 1940 Alemania atacó en el oeste terminando de este modo con la neutralidad holandesa. A las 2:30 de la mañana el comisario de policía se acercó al barco alemán con un destacamento de la policía militar para detener a la tripulación. La tripulación recibió media hora para empaquetar sus efectos personales y abandonar el barco, tiempo que aprovecharon para abrir las llaves de la sala de máquinas para inundar el barco y evitar que cayese en manos aliadas. Sin personal naval disponible los oficiales holandeses no supieron qué hacer ante tal eventualidad y el &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Goslar&lt;/i&gt; se terminó de inundar tocando fondo por la banda de estribor en el puerto de Lloyd.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Hoy día el barco permanece allí dónde se hundió 71 años después.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-6AzP3nsUJRo/TwVmoJsvcSI/AAAAAAAAC5A/iUrD8q0C8qo/s1600/5537608015_2b7353dca8_b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="303" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-6AzP3nsUJRo/TwVmoJsvcSI/AAAAAAAAC5A/iUrD8q0C8qo/s400/5537608015_2b7353dca8_b.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mqMGp7AZdaA/TwVm2rB3B7I/AAAAAAAAC5Y/6g1xdUAsXT8/s1600/53031485.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="290" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mqMGp7AZdaA/TwVm2rB3B7I/AAAAAAAAC5Y/6g1xdUAsXT8/s400/53031485.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;In late August&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;1939 a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;German radio&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;station&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;located in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Norddeich&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;transmitted the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;order to all&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;German merchant&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;ship captains&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to proceed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at full speed and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;haste&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;nearest&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;neutral port&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;within&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;four days&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;that was not&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;States.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Goslar&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;German freighter&lt;/span&gt;, 6,000 &lt;span class="hps"&gt;tons&lt;/span&gt;, sailed &lt;span class="hps"&gt;away&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a U.S. port&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;bound for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Surinam,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in the hands of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the Netherlands&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at that time&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;neutral.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;On&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;September 5, 1939&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Goslar&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;reached&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;port of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Paramaribo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;On arrival in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Suriname&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was not inspected&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;by the Dutch authorities&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;that there was no&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;naval&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;force&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in that country&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at that&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;port.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;However, his&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;radio&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was turned off&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;as a precaution&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;At such times&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Goslar&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;crew&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;composed of 16&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;German&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and 38&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Chinese who&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;tried to get&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;asylum in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Lloyd.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;On&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;May 10, 1940&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in West&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Germany attacked&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;thus&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;ending&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Dutch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;neutrality&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;At 2:30&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;am&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the police commissioner&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;came to the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;German ship&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with a detachment of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;military police&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to arrest&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the crew.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The crew&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;received&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;half&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;an hour to pack&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;their belongings&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and leave the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;ship,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;took&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;time&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to open&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the keys to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the engine room&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to flood the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;boat and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;keep it from falling&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;into Allied hands&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;No&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;officers&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;available&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;naval personnel&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Dutch failed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to do&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;before such&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;event&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;flood&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was completed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Goslar&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;bottoming&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the starboard side&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at the port of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Lloyd.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Today the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;boat&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;sank&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;remains there&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;where&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;71 years later&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-euI4_fH-WW8/TwVmwuPKKVI/AAAAAAAAC5M/_LODkANPB8Y/s1600/the-goslar-suriname-river1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="235" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-euI4_fH-WW8/TwVmwuPKKVI/AAAAAAAAC5M/_LODkANPB8Y/s400/the-goslar-suriname-river1.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_z4zADy87HU/TwVnFkzjswI/AAAAAAAAC5k/ymTgnWgGIJU/s1600/1274796.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="266" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_z4zADy87HU/TwVnFkzjswI/AAAAAAAAC5k/ymTgnWgGIJU/s400/1274796.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-7699502772626260981?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/7699502772626260981/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/carguero-aleman-goslar.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7699502772626260981'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7699502772626260981'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/carguero-aleman-goslar.html' title='Carguero alemán Goslar'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-uS27zCqZJQ0/TwVnczT7kHI/AAAAAAAAC5w/upIIMqWOjf4/s72-c/Goslar0.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-3736421025485642326</id><published>2012-01-04T10:25:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-04T10:25:35.339+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Historia/Curiosidades'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><title type='text'>Cementerios militares: Montecassino</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24.0pt;"&gt;Cementerio aliado de Montecassino&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iIABCXKu2Yg/TwQaV7GUqLI/AAAAAAAAC4E/13XXX052cn4/s1600/1967070518204610.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="278" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iIABCXKu2Yg/TwQaV7GUqLI/AAAAAAAAC4E/13XXX052cn4/s400/1967070518204610.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El cementerio de Montecassino es el mayor de los cementerios ubicados en Italia con 4.265 lápidas, incluyendo 855 canadienses. En el centro del cementerio hay un memorial a los desaparecidos en combate, en sus losas se encuentran los nombres de los más de 4.000 desaparecidos en Italia y Sicilia. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;En el cementerio polaco de Montecassino se encuentran los restos de 1.052 soldados polacos caídos en la batalla y se encuentra ubicado entre la cota 445 y la abadía de Montecassino. El 2º Cuerpo de Ejército polaco, a las ordenes del teniente general &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Wladyslaw&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Anders,&lt;/span&gt; jugó un papel importante en el ataque final sobre las posiciones alemanas en la abadía. Finalmente, el 18 de mayo de 1944, una escuadra del 12º Regimiento de Lanceros logró entrar en el recinto e izar la bandera polaca sobre las ruinas. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El cementerio presenta una forma de anfiteatro con un altar que fue finalizado en 1963 y en cuya puerta se puede leer la siguiente inscripción: &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Los soldados&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;polacos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Por nuestra libertad&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;y la tuya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Han dado a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;nuestras almas a Dios&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Nuestros cuerpos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;al suelo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;de Italia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Y nuestros corazones&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a Polonia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RGLmwOr-v3w/TwQadEPvPRI/AAAAAAAAC4Q/EG-bg4okgDs/s1600/montecassinocemetery.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="301" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RGLmwOr-v3w/TwQadEPvPRI/AAAAAAAAC4Q/EG-bg4okgDs/s400/montecassinocemetery.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Entre sus lápidas se pueden apreciar los diferentes credos de los soldados, católicos, ortodoxos, diferenciados por sus cruces, y los judíos que tienen su lápida como una estrella de David. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Por su parte el teniente general Wladyslaw&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Anders sobrevivió a la guerra muriendo el 12 de mayo de 1970 en Londres sin embargo, según sus últimos deseos, fue trasladado y enterrado en este campo santo, junto a los hombres que murieron en la batalla bajo su mando. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English versión&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;Montecassino&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Cemetery&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;is the largest&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the cemeteries&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;located&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in Italy with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;4265&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;gravestones,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;including&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;855&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Canadians.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;In the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;center of the cemetery&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a memorial to the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;missing in action&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in their&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;slabs&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;are the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;names of more&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;than 4,000&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;missing in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Italy and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Sicily.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;In the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Polish&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;cemetery&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;at Monte Cassino&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;are the remains&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of 1,052&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Polish soldiers&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;fallen&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in battle and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;is located between&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the elevation&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;445 and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the Abbey of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Montecassino.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The 2nd&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Polish Army&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Corps&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;under the command&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of Lieutenant General&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Wladyslaw&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Anders&lt;/span&gt;, played &lt;span class="hps"&gt;an important role&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;final assault on&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;German positions in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the abbey.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Finally, on&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;May 18, 1944&lt;/span&gt;, a squadron &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the 12th&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Regiment&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of Lancers&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;managed to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;enter the premises&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and hoist&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the Polish flag&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;over the ruins.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-aHx84BVnTdY/TwQawsgPFyI/AAAAAAAAC4o/kQCnaX9GfEI/s1600/mcass4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="261" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-aHx84BVnTdY/TwQawsgPFyI/AAAAAAAAC4o/kQCnaX9GfEI/s400/mcass4.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="en"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Canadian zone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;The cemetery&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;has a shape&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of an amphitheater&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;with an altar&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;which was completed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in 1963 and in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the door&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;you can read the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;following inscription:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Polish soldiers&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;For our freedom&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and yours&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;They have&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;given our&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;souls to God&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;Our&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;bodies to the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;soil of Italy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;And our hearts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;to Poland.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Among&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;their tombstones&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;you can see the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;different faiths&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the soldiers&lt;/span&gt;, Catholics, Orthodox, differentiated by &lt;span class="hps"&gt;their crosses,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and Jews&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;have their&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;tombstone&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;as a star of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;David.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;For his part,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Lieutenant General&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Wladyslaw&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Anders&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;survived the war&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;died on&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;May 12, 1970&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in London,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;however, according to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;his last wishes&lt;/span&gt;, he was transferred &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and buried&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in this&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;cemetery&lt;/span&gt;, along with &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the men who died&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in battle&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;under his command&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GntBoQOA7qI/TwQapmzp2LI/AAAAAAAAC4c/usQtYHN-6t8/s1600/polishcemeteryseenfromm.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="232" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GntBoQOA7qI/TwQapmzp2LI/AAAAAAAAC4c/usQtYHN-6t8/s400/polishcemeteryseenfromm.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GsJWM41Ezr8/TwQa6Gigp-I/AAAAAAAAC40/Zygo_4avQ8o/s1600/4340070518204656.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="295" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GsJWM41Ezr8/TwQa6Gigp-I/AAAAAAAAC40/Zygo_4avQ8o/s400/4340070518204656.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-3736421025485642326?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/3736421025485642326/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/cementerios-militares-montecassino.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3736421025485642326'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/3736421025485642326'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/cementerios-militares-montecassino.html' title='Cementerios militares: Montecassino'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iIABCXKu2Yg/TwQaV7GUqLI/AAAAAAAAC4E/13XXX052cn4/s72-c/1967070518204610.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-452898820780482028</id><published>2012-01-03T09:40:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-03T09:40:54.852+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Luftwaffe'/><title type='text'>Dragaminas aéreo Ju 52 Minesweeper</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 24.0pt;"&gt;Dragaminas aéreo Ju 52/3mg6e Minesweeper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-30MjhqiNL2U/TwK-fDFWsNI/AAAAAAAAC3g/PqmQaPi7WF0/s1600/ju52-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="241" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-30MjhqiNL2U/TwK-fDFWsNI/AAAAAAAAC3g/PqmQaPi7WF0/s400/ju52-2.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El versátil &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Tante Ju&lt;/i&gt; y las necesidades del momento se unieron para dar origen a una nueva versión con una misión en concreto. Ya había demostrado ser un aparato fiable, robusto y capaz de absorber gran cantidad de daños en combate y continuar volando de modo que su elección fue clara. Su nueva misión sería la de dragaminas aéreo para lo cual eran necesarias algunas modificaciones sobre el diseño original. Se fijó un gran anillo metálico de aleación electrificada construida en secciones que fueron fijadas con puntales bajo el fuselaje y las alas. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El funcionamiento del aparato era sencillo. Una baja corriente de tensión alimentaba el anillo mientras el avión estaba en vuelo sobre el agua dónde se creía que el enemigo había tendido un campo de minas. El campo electromagnético generado por el anillo del Ju 52 provocaría la explosión de las minas magnéticas en el radio de acción. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Una pequeña unidad de Ju 52/3mg6e fue creada en la costa francesa dónde operaría en la localización y destrucción de campos minados enemigos manteniéndose activa hasta finales de 1944 cuando fue disuelta. En abril de 1942 sus aparatos sirvieron como transportes convencionales en la bolsa de &lt;span class="precio"&gt;Demyansk, proporcionando el vital combustible a los vehículos del cercado 2º Armeekorps.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3uNtSEbbAPE/TwK-x1r3f_I/AAAAAAAAC3s/45B_WCOa2ps/s1600/it_0126_title.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="221" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3uNtSEbbAPE/TwK-x1r3f_I/AAAAAAAAC3s/45B_WCOa2ps/s400/it_0126_title.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="precio"&gt;Fuentes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;FRED, J. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;The Junkers Ju 52/3m&lt;/i&gt;” Studio, 1946&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;JESSEN, M. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Junkers Ju 52: The Luftwaffe´s workhorse&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Greenhill Books, 2006&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;STAPFER, H-H. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Junkers Ju 52 in action&lt;/i&gt;” Squadron/Signal, 2002&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;GRIEHL, M. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Junkers Ju 52&lt;/i&gt;” Schiffer, 1999&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Ernglish version&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;The versatile&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Tante&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Ju&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and needs&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the moment&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;came together to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;give rise to a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;new version with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a specific mission&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;It&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;proved to be&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a reliable&lt;/span&gt;, robust &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and capable of absorbing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;large amount of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;battle damage&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;continue flying&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;so his&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;choice was clear&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;His new mission&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;would be to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;air&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;minesweepers&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;which&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;were necessary&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;some&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;modifications to the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;original design.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;He noticed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a large&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;metal ring&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;built in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;alloy&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;electrified&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;sections&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;were fixed with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;struts&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;under the fuselage&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and wings.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;The operation of the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;device&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was simple.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;A low&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;voltage&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;power&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;feeding&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the ring while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the plane was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in flight over the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;water where&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;it was believed that&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the enemy had&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;laid a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;minefield.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The electromagnetic field&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;generated by&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the ring of the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Ju 52&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;would cause&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the explosion of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;magnetic mines&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;range.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;small unit of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Ju&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;52/3mg6e&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;was created&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;on the French coast&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;where they&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;operate&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in the location and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;destruction of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;enemy&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;minefields&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;remaining active&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;until late 1944&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;when it was&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;dissolved.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;In April 1942&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;served&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;as transport&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;your equipment&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;bag&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;conventional&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Demyansk&lt;/span&gt;, providing &lt;span class="hps"&gt;vital&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;fuel&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;vehicles&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;surrounded&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Armeekorps&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-LJQcwJtRb24/TwK-3gMgH_I/AAAAAAAAC34/lOfkMZ1UBLU/s1600/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-331-3045-17__Russland__Ju_52_mit_Minensprengring.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="263" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-LJQcwJtRb24/TwK-3gMgH_I/AAAAAAAAC34/lOfkMZ1UBLU/s400/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-331-3045-17__Russland__Ju_52_mit_Minensprengring.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="precio"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;Sources:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;FRED, J. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;The Junkers Ju 52/3m&lt;/i&gt;” Studio, 1946&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;JESSEN, M. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Junkers Ju 52: The Luftwaffe´s workhorse&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Greenhill Books, 2006&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;STAPFER, H-H. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Junkers Ju 52 in action&lt;/i&gt;” Squadron/Signal, 2002&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"&gt;GRIEHL, M. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Junkers Ju 52&lt;/i&gt;” Schiffer, 1999&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-452898820780482028?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/452898820780482028/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/dragaminas-aereo-ju-52-minesweeper.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/452898820780482028'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/452898820780482028'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2012/01/dragaminas-aereo-ju-52-minesweeper.html' title='Dragaminas aéreo Ju 52 Minesweeper'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-30MjhqiNL2U/TwK-fDFWsNI/AAAAAAAAC3g/PqmQaPi7WF0/s72-c/ju52-2.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-7560559330841066300</id><published>2011-12-30T09:50:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2012-01-19T11:03:03.762+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='USAAF'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Recuperación/Arqueología militar'/><title type='text'>Hallazgo de un P-47</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;  &lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt; /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";}&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20.0pt;"&gt;Se encuentran los restos de un P-47 en Francia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KDYzcoHXLkA/Tv16SLvu2TI/AAAAAAAAC2Y/RhrcxuWSGRo/s1600/P9200060-u1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KDYzcoHXLkA/Tv16SLvu2TI/AAAAAAAAC2Y/RhrcxuWSGRo/s400/P9200060-u1.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El P-47 Thunderbolt, modelo C o D, se encuentra hundido en las aguas cercanas a la localidad de Bastia, Francia. El aparato se encuentra muy cerca de la costa y a tan solo 10 metros de profundidad en unas aguas muy claras que permiten una visión muy nítida del aparato. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;A pesar del tiempo transcurrido el aparato se encuentra en un sorprendente estado de conservación, de una sola pieza incluyendo las alas, fuselaje y la sección de cola. El único desperfecto de consideración es la falta del motor que se encuentra a unos pocos metros del caza. Realizando un examen más detenido sobre el aparato se puede apreciar la ausencia de armamento. Los pozos dónde se encontraban alojadas las ametralladoras Bronwing de 12,7 mm están abiertos lo que nos sugiere que probablemente robadas por algún cazador de reliquias. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;La cabina se encuentra abierta ya que el piloto abandonó su aparato tras realizar un aterrizaje de emergencia sobre las aguas. El interior de la cabina se encuentra en bastante buen estado dadas las circunstancias.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yzJT0Jjngww/Tv16ncz1jCI/AAAAAAAAC2k/qwhJCGeIkw8/s1600/P9200007-u1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yzJT0Jjngww/Tv16ncz1jCI/AAAAAAAAC2k/qwhJCGeIkw8/s400/P9200007-u1.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-h3uMaEO0yo0/Tv16vAVhqEI/AAAAAAAAC2w/IrosNmz2ijc/s1600/P9200017-u1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-h3uMaEO0yo0/Tv16vAVhqEI/AAAAAAAAC2w/IrosNmz2ijc/s400/P9200017-u1.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;Los pozos del armamento vacios &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;P&lt;/span&gt;-47 &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Thunderbolt,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;C&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;model&lt;/span&gt;, is &lt;span class="hps"&gt;sunk in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the waters near&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the town of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bastia&lt;/span&gt;, France. &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The unit is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;very close to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the coast&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;and only 10&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;meters deep in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;crystal clear&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;waters&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;that allow&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;a very&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;clear&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;from the fighter.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;Despite the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;time elapsed, the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;device is in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;an amazing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;state of preservation,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;one piece&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;including the wings,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;fuselage and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;tail section.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The only&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;flaw&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;is the lack&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of consideration&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of the engine&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;is within a few&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;meters from the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;game.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Conducting a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;further examination&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;on the device&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;can see&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the absence&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of weapons.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The wells&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;where they were&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;housed&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;Bronwing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;machine guns&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;of 12.7 mm&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;are open&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;which suggests&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;that&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;probably stolen&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;by some&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;relic&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="hps"&gt;The&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;cabin is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;open and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;the pilot&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;left his&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;unit&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;after making&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;an emergency landing&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;on water.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;The interior of the&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;cab is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;in pretty&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;good condition&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="hps"&gt;given the circumstances.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rzlS5b7Il7g/Tv164-zipeI/AAAAAAAAC28/hYoNj7qBmDw/s1600/P9200067-u1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rzlS5b7Il7g/Tv164-zipeI/AAAAAAAAC28/hYoNj7qBmDw/s400/P9200067-u1.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3mXspv2N7ig/Tv16_P4ttSI/AAAAAAAAC3I/dP4o0wwk_ZE/s1600/P9200012-u1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3mXspv2N7ig/Tv16_P4ttSI/AAAAAAAAC3I/dP4o0wwk_ZE/s400/P9200012-u1.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7aqxt4atdhM/Tv17EhX71RI/AAAAAAAAC3U/zeAAIKxD5v0/s1600/P9200059-u1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7aqxt4atdhM/Tv17EhX71RI/AAAAAAAAC3U/zeAAIKxD5v0/s400/P9200059-u1.JPG" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8883258741873033778-7560559330841066300?l=guerra-abierta.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/feeds/7560559330841066300/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/12/hallazgo-de-un-p-47.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7560559330841066300'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8883258741873033778/posts/default/7560559330841066300'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://guerra-abierta.blogspot.com/2011/12/hallazgo-de-un-p-47.html' title='Hallazgo de un P-47'/><author><name>Javier Ormeño</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10172262433441789848</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='25' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eruxRgowUWo/TcRxn1tdF-I/AAAAAAAABF8/Inbw5D3S1Sc/s220/DSC00782.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KDYzcoHXLkA/Tv16SLvu2TI/AAAAAAAAC2Y/RhrcxuWSGRo/s72-c/P9200060-u1.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8883258741873033778.post-2996037729122917622</id><published>2011-12-29T07:13:00.001+01:00</published><updated>2011-12-29T07:15:41.265+01:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Aliados'/><title type='text'>Cañones anticarro franceses. Orígenes.</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 20pt;"&gt;Los orígenes de los cañones anticarro en el Ejército francés&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-EtkNzS66D8M/TvwCDAvEFxI/AAAAAAAAC1Q/bYinDbpgink/s1600/378029_335147033180767_173104556051683_1261673_680697580_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="292" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-EtkNzS66D8M/TvwCDAvEFxI/AAAAAAAAC1Q/bYinDbpgink/s400/378029_335147033180767_173104556051683_1261673_680697580_n.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;La aparición de los primeros carros de combate en el campo de batalla durante la I Guerra Mundial provocó una serie de problemas para la desprotegida infantería. El principal de ellos era que carecían de medios para enfrentarse a ellos con éxito. La única pieza de artillería que disponía el arsenal del Ejército francés era un cañón de 37 mm Mod. 16TR que fue introducido en las unidades de infantería en 1917. A pesar de ello el arma resultó ineficaz para batir los carros de combate alemanes dejando un sabor agridulce entre la infantería gala. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;El problema debía de solucionarse lo antes posible pero no fue hasta el año siguiente, 1918, cuando se introdujo una nueva pieza para tal cometido. Se trataba de un cañón de origen naval que tenía mejores prestaciones para atacar los carros de combate enemigos con éxito. La principal mejora residía en que el proyectil tenía mayor velocidad inicial y, por tanto, más capacidad de penetración. Sin embargo al finalizar la guerra la idea de cañones anticarro se estancó no reanudándose hasta dos años después con nuevas especificaciones para el desarrollo de un nuevo cañón anticarro. Estás requerían que penetrase al menos 20 mm a 600 metros de distancia y con unas dimensiones y peso similares al TR. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Una vez más el intervencionismo político en la esfera militar provocó retrasos y trabas a la conclusión del proyecto hasta el inicio de la década de los años 30. Mientras tanto el Ejército francés se tuvo que conformar con un arma de difícil calificación ya que se trataba de un “cañón” de 17 mm sobre el afuste del TR siendo un solución de compromiso a la espera de un arma mejor. Con este panorama se recurrió también al empleo anticarro la ametralladora Hotchkiss CA Mod.30 de 13,2 mm que ofrecía buenas cualidades para batir blancos poco protegidos.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_rs27wXoEIY/TvwCTYHbdMI/AAAAAAAAC1c/YNCUYBhuDOA/s1600/bef210.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="345" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_rs27wXoEIY/TvwCTYHbdMI/AAAAAAAAC1c/YNCUYBhuDOA/s400/bef210.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Tropas británicas operando el anticarro francés 25 mm SA modèle 1934 Hotchkiss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Doce años después de emitirse las especificaciones, en 1932, fue la empresa Hotchkiss quién presentó un cañón para ser el arma anticarro del Ejército francés. El calibre elegido fue de 25 mm que estaba montado sobre un peculiar afuste y con ruedas de madera. Sus características eran similares a las propuestas en el requerimiento oficial, lograba perforar 40 mm de&amp;nbsp; blindaje (máximo sobre plancha de 25º) a 400 metros de distancia. A falta de un candidato mejor y realizadas pruebas con el cañón se aprobó su incorporación pero con algunas modificaciones, como por ejemplo el cambio de las ruedas de madera por unos neumáticos. Este cambió puso a la pieza al borde del abismo ya que elevaba el peso final hasta la media toneladas, rozando el límite impuesto. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Esta primera pieza se incorporó al arsenal francés con la designación oficial Canon antichar de 25 mm SA Mod. 34 Hotchkiss ya en 1934. La producción se aceleró y dos años más tarde 2.000 de estas piezas se encontraban distribuidas por las unidades del Ejército francés. &amp;nbsp;Sin embargo el cambio mencionado de las ruedas de madera por unas neumáticas que iban destinadas a la mejora de su movilidad provocó el efecto contrario. Este cambio elevó el&amp;nbsp; peso del conjunto hasta el límite haciéndole difícil su manejo por la dotación sin ayuda motriz. Esto, a su vez, provocó que el arma fuese destinada a unidades mecanizadas dejando, una vez más, a la infantería francesa desprotegida.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-C1qCvkbJT-U/TvwCxx2-9GI/AAAAAAAAC1o/B2jZAhitZp8/s1600/25mmfrench.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="288" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-C1qCvkbJT-U/TvwCxx2-9GI/AAAAAAAAC1o/B2jZAhitZp8/s400/25mmfrench.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Una columna de infantería alemana sobrepasa una posición de bloqueo con un cañón Hotchkiss 1934 abandonado.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Fuentes: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;BISHOP, C. “&lt;cite&gt;The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II&lt;/cite&gt;” Thunder Bay Press, 2006&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="FR"&gt;TOUSSAINT, M. “&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Les canons antichars français en 1940&lt;/i&gt;”,&amp;nbsp; &lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;Histoire de Guerre &lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;nº 44 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;English version&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;The first appearance of tanks on the battlefield during World War I triggered a series of problems for unprotected infantry. Chief among them was that they lacked the means to meet them successfully. The only piece of artillery arsenal available to the French Army was a 37 mm cannon Mod 16TR which was introduced in infantry units in 1917. However the weapon was ineffective to beat the German tanks bittersweet leaving the infantry gala.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The problem must be solved as soon as possible but not until the following year, 1918, when it introduced a new piece for this task. It was a naval cannon origin had better performance to attack enemy tanks successfully. The main improvement was that the missile had greater initial velocity, and hence more penetration capability. But after the war the idea stalled anti-tank guns not resume until two years later with new specifications for the development of a new anti-tank cannon. You are required to penetrate at least 20 mm to 600 feet away and with a size and weight similar to TR.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Once again the political intervention in military matters led to delays and barriers to the completion of the project until the beginning of the decade of the 30's. Meanwhile the French army had to make a difficult weapon rating since it was a "canyon" of 17 mm on the front stock of TR to be a compromise waiting for a better weapon. This picture is also resorted to the use CA Hotchkiss anti-tank machine gun of 13.2 mm Mod.30 offering good qualities to beat lightly protected targets.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-otR1dqtL5No/TvwDkI9PqyI/AAAAAAAAC10/-OfSo2DgjQE/s1600/Hotchkiss-13.2mm-x2-AA-machine-gun-batey-haosef-2-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-otR1dqtL5No/TvwDkI9PqyI/AAAAAAAAC10/-OfSo2DgjQE/s400/Hotchkiss-13.2mm-x2-AA-machine-gun-batey-haosef-2-1.jpg" width="397" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Hotchkiss CA Mod.30 de 13,2 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Twelve years after the issuance of the specifications, in 1932, was the company who submitted a Hotchkiss gun anti-tank weapon for the French army. The size chosen was 25 mm which was mounted on a peculiar front stock and wooden wheels. Their characteristics were similar to those proposed in the official request, could pierce armor 40 mm (maximum on plate 25 °) to 400 feet away. A lack of a better candidate and conducted tests with the gun was approved for incorporation but with some modifications, like changing the wooden wheels tires. This change put the piece on the edge as the final weight rose to a half tons, touching the limit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This first part is incorporated into the French arsenal official designation antiche Canon 25 mm Hotchkiss SA Mod 34 in 1934. The accelerated production and two years later 2,000 of these pieces were distributed by the French Army units. However, the change mentioned wooden wheels with pneumatic some were aimed at improving mobility caused the opposite effect. This change raised the overall weight to the limit by making it difficult to manage without mobility aid endowment. This, in turn, meant that the weapon was aimed at allowing mechanized units, once again, the French infantry unprotected.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-2M8ipIJRI2o/TvwD5nbogRI/AAAAAAAAC2A/i-wdNXRY8sg/s1600/ww2+Fr25mm_at_sa37_gun_926.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 
